婚

Translingual edit

Stroke order

Han character edit

婚 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女竹心日 (VHPA), four-corner 4246₄, composition ⿰女昏)

get married
marriage; wedding

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 264, character 34
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6418
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1060, character 11
Unihan data for U+5A5A

Chinese edit

trad.		婚
simp. ^#		婚
alternative forms		昏𡝪㛰𡕽𡖀昏𡝪㛰𡕽𡖀𤔿

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (昏) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
鍲	*mrɯn
抿	mrɯn, mrɯn, *mrɯnʔ
緡	*mrɯn
捪	*mrɯnʔ
湣	*mrɯnʔ
昏	*hmɯːn
婚	*hmɯːn
閽	*hmɯːn
惛	hmɯːn, hmɯːnʔ, *hmɯːns
棔	*hmɯːn
殙	*hmɯːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmɯːn) : semantic 女 + phonetic 昏 (OC *hmɯːn).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hūn (hun¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fan¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fûn

(Meixian, Guangdong): fun¹
Eastern Min (BUC): huŏng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hun

(Teochew, Peng'im): hung¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹huen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hun
  - Wade–Giles: hun¹
  - Yale: hwūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huen
  - Palladius: хунь (xunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fan¹
  - Yale: fān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn
  - Hakka Romanization System: fun´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fun¹
  - Sinological IPA: /fun²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fun¹
  - Sinological IPA: /fun⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun
  - Tâi-lô: hun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hwn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hung¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹huen
  - MiniDict: huen^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹hun
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /huən⁵³/

Middle Chinese: xwon

Rime
Character	婚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呼昆切
Baxter	xwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/huən/
Pan Wuyun	/huon/
Shao Rongfen	/xuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwən/
Li Rong	/xuən/
Wang Li	/xuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/xuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤu[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*hmɯːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	婚
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hūn
Middle Chinese	‹ xwon ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥ˁu[n]/
English	marriage
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	婚
Reading #	1/1
No.	5530
Phonetic component	昏
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	昏
Old Chinese	/*hmɯːn/

Definitions edit

婚

to marry; to get married
wedding; marriage
^† relative by marriage; kin by marriage; in-law
- 汝克黜乃心，施實德于民，至于婚友，丕乃敢大言汝有積德。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  汝克黜乃心，施实德于民，至于婚友，丕乃敢大言汝有积德。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Rǔ kè chù nǎi xīn, shī shídé yú mín, zhìyú hūnyǒu, pī nǎi gǎn dàyán rǔ yǒu jīdé. [Pinyin]
  If you can put away your (selfish) thoughts, and bestow real good upon the people, reaching (also) to your own relatives and friends, you may boldly venture to make your words great, and say that you have accumulated merit.
^† father of wife
^‡ family of wife

Compounds edit

References edit

“婚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

婚

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

marriage

Readings edit

Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
Kun: よばい (yobai, 婚)

Compounds edit

Korean edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation edit

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɸʷo̞n]
Phonetic hangul: [혼]

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

婚

Wikisource

婚 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon)

get married
marriage, wedding

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

婚: Hán Nôm readings: hôn

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