孿

See also: 孪

孿 U+5B7F, 孿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B7F ← 孾 [U+5B7E] CJK Unified Ideographs 宀 → [U+5B80]

Translingual

Han character

孿 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 女火弓木 (VFND), four-corner 2240₇, composition ⿱龻子)

1. twins

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7051
• Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1020, character 13
• Unihan data for U+5B7F

Chinese

trad.		孿
simp.		孪
alternative forms		㝈

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	*b·roːn, *b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	*b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons
灓	*b·roːn, *b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	*smroːns, *smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	*b·ronʔ, *b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	*pʰlons, *klons

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *run. Cognate with Jingpho marun (“to have twins”) (from run (“to be in pairs”)). (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): luán, lüán

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ, ㄌㄩㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun⁴, syun³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): loân

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luán
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luán
    • Wade–Giles: luan²
    • Yale: lwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
    • Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯än³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lüán
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄩㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lyuán
    • Wade–Giles: lüan²
    • Yale: lywán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liuan
    • Palladius: люань (ljuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lyun⁴, syun³
    • Yale: lyùhn, syun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lyn⁴, syn³
    • Guangdong Romanization: lün⁴, xun³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lyːn²¹/, /syːn³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loân
    • Tâi-lô: luân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /luan²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /luan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /luan¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /luan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /luan²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: srwaenH, ljwen

Rime
Character	孿	孿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	生患切	力員切
Baxter	srwaenH	ljwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠuanH/	/liuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃʷᵚanH/	/lʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃuɐnH/	/ljuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂwaɨnH/	/lwian/
Li Rong	/ʃuanH/	/liuɛn/
Wang Li	/ʃwanH/	/lĭwɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂwanH/	/li̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuàn	luán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saan3	lyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s.r]on-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*smroːns/, /*smrons/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孿	孿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luán	luán
Middle Chinese	‹ srjwenH ›	‹ srwænH ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.r]on-s/	/*[s.r]on-s/
English	twins	twins
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孿	孿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	8625	8636
Phonetic component		
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	㝈	𨏉
Old Chinese	/*smroːns/	/*smrons/
Notes	原下從雙子，注或體作此

Definitions

孿

1. twins

Compounds

• 孿伴兒／孪伴儿 (luánbànr)
• 孿子／孪子 (luánzǐ)
• 孿生／孪生 (luánshēng)
• 孿生兄弟／孪生兄弟 (luánshēng xiōngdì)
• 孿生子／孪生子 (luánshēngzǐ)

 

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01004
• “孿”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

孿

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. twins

Readings

• On (unclassified): さん (san); せん (sen); れん (ren)
• Kun: ふたご (futago)

Korean

Hanja

孿 (eum 산 (san))

1. twins

Vietnamese

Han character

孿: Hán Nôm readings: loan

1. twins

References

• Nom Foundation