mountain; hill | woods; forest | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (山林) |
山 | 林 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 山 | 林 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 來 (37) |
Final (韻) | 山 (73) | 侵 (139) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | II | III |
Fanqie | 所閒切 | 力尋切 |
Baxter | srean | lim |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʃˠɛn/ | /liɪm/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/ʃᵚæn/ | /lim/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/ʃæn/ | /ljem/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʂəɨn/ | /lim/ |
Li Rong |
/ʃɛn/ | /liəm/ |
Wang Li |
/ʃæn/ | /lĭĕm/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/ʂăn/ | /li̯əm/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
shān | lín |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
saan1 | lam4 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 山 | 林 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
shān | lín |
Middle Chinese |
‹ srɛn › | ‹ lim › |
Old Chinese |
/*s-ŋrar/ | /*[r]əm/ |
English | mountain, hill | forest |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 山 | 林 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
No. | 11052 | 8165 |
Phonetic component |
山 | 林 |
Rime group |
元 | 侵 |
Rime subdivision |
2 | 1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
山 | 林 |
Old Chinese |
/*sreːn/ | /*ɡ·rɯm/ |
山林
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
山 | 林 |
さん Grade: 1 |
りん Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |