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U+5E72, 干
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E72

[U+5E71]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5E73]
U+2F32, ⼲
KANGXI RADICAL DRY

[U+2F31]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F33]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 51, +0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 一十 (MJ), four-corner 10400, composition )

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №47

Derived characters edit

Related characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 339, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9165
  • Dae Jaweon: page 645, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 405, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5E72

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         

Pictogram (象形) – a pestle or a weapon, since it can mean "shield" (午, which is similar, is a pestle).

Also borrowed phonetically as a simplification of (dry) and .

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𬼽

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with (OC *ɡaːns, “to shield; to protect”), (OC *ɡaːns, “gate”). Compare Tibetan འགལ ('gal, to go against, to violate, to contradict), Burmese ကာ (ka, shield; to shield; to block).

Pronunciation 1 edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɑn/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɑn/
Shao
Rongfen
/kɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kan/
Li
Rong
/kɑn/
Wang
Li
/kɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gon1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gān gān gān gān
Middle
Chinese
‹ kan › ‹ kan › ‹ kan › ‹ kan ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁar/ /*kˁa[r]/ /*kˁar/ /*kˁar/
English pole shield (n.) piece, item (placename)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3570
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kaːn/
Definitions edit

  1. to concern; to be implicated in; implication
      ―  Zhè shì yǔ wǒ wú gān.  ―  It has nothing to do with me.
  2. a shield
  3. to request; to ask
  4. to offend; to encroach on
  5. to interfere; to intervene
  6. bank; edge of water bodies
      ―  jiānggān  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
      ―  gān  ―  river bank
  7. 8th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "opposition" (𝌍)
  8. Short for 天干 (tiāngān, “heavenly stem”).
  9. group (of people)
      ―  gān rén  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  10. A place in modern Yangzhou.
    Synonym: (Hán)
    夷貉使 [MSC, trad.]
    夷貉使 [MSC, simp.]
    Gānyuè yíhé zhī zǐ, shēng ér tóng shēng, cháng ér yì sú, jiào shǐ zhī rán yě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  11. Alternative form of (dry)
  12. Alternative form of (jiàn, brook; stream)
  13. Alternative form of (rock)
  14. a surname
  15. (Mainland China Hokkien) in vain; for nothing
Synonyms edit
  • (in vain): (bái)
Compounds edit

Pronunciation 2 edit


Definitions edit

  1. to defend
  2. to establish

Descendants edit

  • Lao: ກັນ (kan)
  • Shan: ၵၼ် (kǎn)
  • Tai Dam: ꪀꪽ
  • Thai: กัน (gan)

Etymology 2 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“dry; moistureless; waterless; arid; to dry; to exhaust; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 3 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“main part of something; body; trunk; to do; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 4 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“a kind of wild dog from northern China, resembling a fox with a black snout; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Etymology 5 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“Gan River; Jiangxi, a province of China.; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
Notes:

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
かん
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC kan).

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

(かん) (kan

  1. shield
  2. interfere, invade
Derived terms edit
shield
interfere, invade

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
かん
Grade: 6
on’yomi
Alternative spelling

is a daiyōji replacing .

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

(かん) (kan

  1. dry
Derived terms edit

Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 6
on’yomi
Alternative spelling

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

() (hi

  1. (prefixed to nouns) dry
Derived terms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun 방패 (bangpae gan))

  1. shield

Okinawan edit

Kanji edit

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Việt readings: can
: Nôm readings: can, càn, cán, cơn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.