年歲

See also: 年岁

Chinese

		year	year; years old; (a measure word)
trad. (年歲)		年	歲
simp. (年岁)		年	岁

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): niánsuì

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄟˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyian² sui⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ seoi³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nî-hòe / nî-hè / nî-hèr

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵ huê³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánsuì
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánsuèi
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-sui⁴
    • Yale: nyán-swèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niansuey
    • Palladius: няньсуй (njanʹsuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nyian² sui⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: niansui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲiɛn²¹ suei²¹³/

Note: year's harvest.

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nin⁴ seoi³
    • Yale: nìhn seui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ soey³
    • Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ sêu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ sɵy̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hòe
    • Tâi-lô: nî-huè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ni'hoex
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³⁻²² hue²¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ hue²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hè
    • Tâi-lô: nî-hè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ni'hex
    • IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ he¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² he²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hèr
    • Tâi-lô: nî-hèr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² hə⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ni⁵ huê³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî huè
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nen sjwejH

Rime
Character	年	歲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	祭 (36)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	奴顚切	相銳切
Baxter	nen	sjwejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nen/	/siuᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/nen/	/sʷiɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛn/	/siuæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛn/	/swiajH/
Li Rong	/nen/	/siuɛiH/
Wang Li	/nien/	/sĭwɛiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/nien/	/si̯wɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nián	suì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nin4	seoi3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.nˤi[ŋ]  s-qʷʰat-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*niːŋ  sqʰʷads|sqʰʷad/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	年	歲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nián	suì
Middle Chinese	‹ nen ›	‹ sjwejH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˁi[ŋ]/	/*s-qʷʰat-s/
English	harvest; year	year
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	年	歲	歲
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
No.	9482	12165	12175
Phonetic component	秊	歲	歲
Rime group	眞	祭	月
Rime subdivision	2	1	1
Corresponding MC rime			雪
Old Chinese	/*niːŋ/	/*sqʰʷads/	/*sqʰʷad/
Notes	同秊	甲金文戉分化字， 說文戌聲非

Noun

年歲

1. age (of a person)

   • 辨其年歲，與其貴賤。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     辨其年岁，与其贵贱。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3^rd century BCE

     Biàn qí niánsuì, yǔ qí guìjiàn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. long period of time

   • 汩余若將不及兮，恐年歲之不吾與。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     汩余若将不及兮，恐年岁之不吾与。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Gǔ yú ruò jiāng bù jí xī, kǒng niánsuì zhī bù wú yǔ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. age; era; period
4. year's harvest

   • 故時年歲善，則民仁且良；時年歲凶，則民吝且惡。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     故时年岁善，则民仁且良；时年岁凶，则民吝且恶。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mozi, c. 4^th century BCE

     Gù shí niánsuì shàn, zé mín rén qiě liáng; shí niánsuì xiōng, zé mín lìn qiě è. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• (age of a person):

• 年事 (niánshì)
• 年紀／年纪 (niánjì)
• 年齒／年齿 (niánchǐ) (literary, of a person, in years)
• 年齡／年龄 (niánlíng)
• 歲子／岁子 (Hokkien)
• 歲數／岁数 (suìshu)
• 歲聲／岁声 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 歲頭／岁头 (Hokkien)
• 齒髮／齿发 (chǐfà) (literary, humble)

 

• (long period of time): (literary) 年數／年数 (niánshù)
• (period):

• 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 世代 (shìdài) (literary)
• 光陰／光阴 (Dungan)
• 年代 (niándài)
• 年候兒／年候儿 (niánhour) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 年華／年华 (niánhuá)
• 時代／时代 (shídài)
• 時期／时期 (shíqī)
• 朝代 (cháodài)
• 歲月／岁月 (suìyuè)

 

• (year's harvest):

• 年成
• 年景 (niánjǐng)

 

Korean

Hanja in this term
年	歲

Noun

年歲 • (yeonse) (hangeul 연세)

1. Hanja form^? of 연세 (“age (honorific)”).