Wiktionary

怕

怕 U+6015, 怕
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6015
← 怔
[U+6014] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 怖 →
[U+6016]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

怕 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心竹日 (PHA), four-corner 96000, composition ⿰忄白)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 380, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10448
  • Dae Jaweon: page 708, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2287, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6015

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 怕

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
怕 *pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ
帕 *pʰraːɡs, *mbraːd
粕 *pʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
胉 *pʰaːɡ
泊 *baːɡ
箔 *baːɡ
魄 *tʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
皕 *prɯɡ
伯 *praːɡ
百 *praːɡ
迫 *praːɡ
敀 *praːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
柏 *praːɡ
湐 *praːɡ
拍 *pʰraːɡ
珀 *pʰraːɡ
皛 *pʰraːɡ, *ɡeːwʔ
洦 *mpʰraːɡ, *mbraːɡ
白 *braːɡ
帛 *braːɡ
舶 *braːɡ
鮊 *braːɡ
陌 *mbraːɡ
帞 *mbraːɡ
袹 *mbraːɡ
蛨 *mbraːɡ
貊 *mbraːɡ
佰 *mbraːɡ
銆 *mbraːɡ
碧 *praɡ, *preɡ
咟 *ɦmreːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).

Etymology 1 edit

Cognate with 怖 (OC *pʰaːs) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Kuki-Chin *phoo(k/ŋ) (“to startle; to alarm; to wake up”), whence Mizo phâwk (“to startle; to frighten”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Proto-Monic *phiic (“to be afraid”), whence Mon ဖေက် (“to fear”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character 怕
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 普駕切
Baxter phaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰaɨH/
Li
Rong 		/pʰaH/
Wang
Li 		/pʰaH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pʰaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pà
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		paa3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 怕
Reading # 1/2
No. 184
Phonetic
component 		白
Rime
group 		暮
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		帊
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰraːɡs/
Notes 怖後出借字

Definitions edit

怕

  1. to fear; to be afraid of; to dread
    不要怕！  ―  Bùyào pà!  ―  Don't be afraid!
    怕針怕血／怕针怕血 [Cantonese]  ―  paa3 zam1 paa3 hyut3 [Jyutping]  ―  to fear needles and blood
    佢已經怕咗你。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢已经怕咗你。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 ji5 ging1 paa3 zo2 nei5. [Jyutping]
    He/she already dreads you
  2. to worry; to be concerned
  3. to be unable to withstand
  4. perhaps; supposedly; fearfully; I'm afraid that
  5. (Northern Wu) ugly
  6. a surname
Synonyms edit
  • (to fear):
Dialectal synonyms of 害怕 (“to fear; to be afraid of”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 懼, 畏, 恐, 怯, 驚, 惶, 悚, 懾, 恇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 害怕, 懼怕, 畏懼
Mandarin Beijing 害怕, 怕
Taiwan 害怕, 怕
Harbin 害怕, 發毛
Yantai (Muping) 害怕, 怵
Jinan 害怕, 怕, 打怵
Luoyang 害怕, 怕
Wanrong 驚
Xi'an 害怕, 怕, 怯火
Yinchuan 害怕, 嚇
Lanzhou 害怕, 怯, 怯乎, 怯豁
Ürümqi 害怕
Wuhan 嚇不過, 怕
Chengdu 害怕, 怕, 虛火, 虛
Guiyang 害怕, 怕
Kunming 害怕
Guilin 怕
Liuzhou 慌
Xuzhou 嫌怕, 打怵
Yangzhou 害怕, 怕, 怕懼, 懼乎
Nanjing 嚇怕, 怕
Hefei 怕
Malaysia 怕
Singapore 怕, 害怕
Cantonese Guangzhou 驚, 怕, 慌, 窒
Hong Kong 驚, 怕, 慌
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 狂
Macau 驚
Guangzhou (Panyu) 驚
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 慌
Guangzhou (Conghua) 驚
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 好怕
Foshan 驚, 窒
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 慌, 怕
Foshan (Shunde) 慌
Foshan (Sanshui) 慌
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 慌
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 驚
Zhongshan (Huancheng) 驚
Zhongshan (Nanlang) 驚
Zhongshan (Xiaolan) 慌
Zhongshan (Dongsheng) 慌
Zhongshan (Tanbei) 慌
Zhongshan (Henglan) 慌
Zhongshan (Dongfeng) 慌
Zhongshan (Nantou) 慌
Zhongshan (Fusha) 慌
Zhongshan (Shalang) 慌
Zhongshan (Gangkou) 慌
Zhongshan (Huangpu) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Sanjiao) 狂, 驚
Zhongshan (Langwang) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Minzhong) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Guzhen) 𢗉
Zhongshan (Banfu) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Tanzhou) 慌, 驚
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 驚
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 驚
Zhuhai (Doumen) 驚
Jiangmen (Baisha) 驚
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 驚
Taishan 𢗉
Kaiping (Chikan) 𢗉
Enping (Niujiang) 𢗉
Heshan (Yayao) 慌
Dongguan 狂
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 驚
Shaoguan 驚, 窒
Yunfu 怕, 驚
Yangjiang 𢗉
Xinyi 狂
Lianjiang 驚
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 驚, 怕
Singapore (Guangfu) 驚, 怕
Gan Nanchang 怕
Lichuan 怕
Hakka Meixian 驚, 怕畏, 畏, 怕
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 狂
Dongguan (Qingxi) 狂
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 好狂
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 驚
Wuhua (Huacheng) 怕, 驚, 畏
Heyuan (Bendihua) 驚
Wengyuan 驚
Liannan 驚
Conghua (Lütian) 狂
Jiexi 驚
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 驚
Changting 怕
Wuping 怕
Wuping (Yanqian) 怕
Liancheng 嚇
Ninghua 怕
Ningdu 怕
Tonggu (Sandu) 怕
Ganzhou (Panlong) 怕
Dayu 怕
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 驚
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 驚
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 驚
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 驚
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 驚
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 驚
Hong Kong 狂, 驚
Mengshan (Xihe) 怕
Luchuan 狂
Sabah (Longchuan) 狂
Senai (Huiyang) 狂
Singkawang 驚
Huizhou Jixi 怕, 嚇
Jin Taiyuan 害怕, 怕
Xinzhou 著怕, 怕
Northern Min Jian'ou 驚, 怕, 怯, 畏
Jian'ou (Dikou) 驚
Songxi 驚
Zhenghe 驚
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 驚
Jianyang 驚
Jianyang (Huangkeng) 畏
Wuyishan 嚇
Pucheng (Shibei) 嚇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 驚
Changle 驚
Lianjiang 驚
Fuqing 驚
Pingtan 驚
Yongtai 驚
Minqing 驚
Gutian 驚
Pingnan 驚
Luoyuan 驚
Fu'an 驚
Ningde 驚
Xiapu 驚
Zherong 驚
Shouning 驚
Zhouning 驚
Fuding 驚
Singapore (Fuqing) 驚
Southern Min Xiamen 驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
Xiamen (Tong'an) 驚
Quanzhou 驚, 著驚, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
Jinjiang 驚
Nan'an 驚
Shishi 驚
Hui'an 驚
Anxi 驚
Yongchun 驚
Dehua 驚
Zhangzhou 驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 會攝, 掣
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 驚
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 驚
Hua'an 驚
Nanjing 驚
Pinghe 驚
Zhangpu 驚
Yunxiao 驚
Zhao'an 驚
Dongshan 驚
Kaohsiung 驚
Yilan 驚
Changhua (Lukang) 驚
Taichung 驚
Taichung (Wuqi) 驚惶
Tainan 驚
Taitung 驚
Hsinchu 驚
Kinmen 驚
Penghu (Magong) 驚
Penang (Hokkien) 驚
Singapore (Hokkien) 驚
Manila (Hokkien) 驚
Longyan 嚇
Zhangping 驚
Datian 驚
Chaozhou 驚, 畏
Raoping 驚
Shantou 驚
Jieyang 驚, 畏
Haifeng 驚
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 驚
Singapore (Teochew) 驚
Leizhou 驚
Wenchang 驚
Haikou 驚
Qionghai 驚
Singapore (Hainanese) 驚
Puxian Min Putian 驚
Xianyou 驚
Central Min Yong'an 驚
Sanyuan 驚
Shaxian 驚
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 驚
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 狂, 怕
Wu Shanghai 怕, 嚇
Shanghai (Chongming) 嚇
Suzhou 怕, 嚇
Danyang 怕
Hangzhou 怕, 嚇, 慌, 怕慌, 發毛
Ningbo 怕, 嚇
Wenzhou 怕, 嚇
Jinhua 光
Xiang Changsha 怕, 畏怯
Loudi 怕
Shuangfeng 怕
  • (to worry):
  • (ugly):
Dialectal synonyms of 醜 (“ugly”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 醜, 媸
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 醜陋
Mandarin Beijing 難看, 寒磣, 磣
Taiwan 難看, 醜
Jinan 難看, 醜
Xi'an 難看, 醜, 不心疼
Wuhan 醜, 不好看
Chengdu 難看, 醜
Yangzhou 難看, 醜
Hefei 難看, 醜, 相壞
Singapore 難看, 醜
Cantonese Guangzhou 難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
Hong Kong 難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
Dongguan 難睞
Yangjiang 惡看, 醜鬼
Gan Nanchang 不客氣, 難看
Hakka Meixian 難看, 難睞, 醜, 像鬼
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 媸, 醜
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 媸, 醜
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 媸, 醜
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 媸, 醜
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 媸, 醜
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 䆀
Jin Taiyuan 難看, 醜
Northern Min Jian'ou 驚人, 毛格式, 生得呆
Eastern Min Fuzhou 驚儂, 驚, 伓好看, 生得呆
Southern Min Xiamen 歹看, 㾀勢
Quanzhou 兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
Jinjiang 兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
Zhangzhou 䆀看, 㾀勢
Taipei 歹看, 䆀, 䆀材, 㾀, 䆀猴, 㾀勢
Kaohsiung 歹看
Singapore (Hokkien) 歹看, 䆀
Manila (Hokkien) 兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
Chaozhou 孬睇, 野樣, 䆀
Shantou 野樣
Jieyang 野樣
Singapore (Teochew) 歹睇
Wu Shanghai 難看, 怕
Shanghai (Jiading) 怕
Shanghai (Songjiang) 怕
Suzhou 難看, 怕
Kunshan 難看
Jiaxing 難看
Hangzhou 難看
Ningbo 難看
Wenzhou 難覷, 否好覷, 醜
Xiang Changsha 醜, 不好看, 不打彩
Shuangfeng 醜, 不好看

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character 怕
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 庚 (113)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 普伯切
Baxter phaek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰˠæk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰᵚak̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰak̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰaɨjk̚/
Li
Rong 		/pʰɐk̚/
Wang
Li 		/pʰɐk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pʰɐk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		po
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pak1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 怕
Reading # 2/2
No. 202
Phonetic
component 		白
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		拍
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰraːɡ/

Definitions edit

怕

  1. (literary) Alternative form of 泊 (“indifferent to fame or gain”)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

怕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

怕 (eumhun 두려워할 파 (duryeowohal pa))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

怕 (eumhun 담담할 백 (damdamhal baek))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

怕: Hán Nôm readings: phạ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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