Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
わる
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
惡い (kyūjitai)

From classical わろし (waroshi). Compare まるい (marui) < まろし (maroshi).

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "悪い"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 悪く るく
[wáꜜrùkù]
[wàrúꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形) 悪い [wàrúꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 悪い [wàrúꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative 悪くない るくない
くない
[wáꜜrùkùnàì]
[wàrúꜜkùnàì]
Informal past 悪かった るかった
かった
[wáꜜrùkàttà]
[wàrúꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 悪くなかった るくなかった
くなかった
[wáꜜrùkùnàkàttà]
[wàrúꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal 悪いです いです [wàrúꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 悪くて るくて
くて
[wáꜜrùkùtè]
[wàrúꜜkùtè]
Conditional 悪ければ るければ
ければ
[wáꜜrùkèrèbà]
[wàrúꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective edit

(わる) (warui-i (adverbial (わる) (waruku))

  1. bad; wicked; evil
    (わる)(ひと)
    warui hito
    bad person
    • 1999 March 1, “ファランクス [Phalanx]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:
      (うえ)にも(した)にも(あたま)がある、()()(わる)ヤツ。(くち)からはレーザーを()く。
      Ue ni mo shita ni mo atama ga aru, kimochiwarui yatsu. Kuchi kara wa rēzā o haku.
      A monstrosity with two heads stacked together horizontally symmetrically. It shoots laser out of its one mouth.
    • 1999 September 23, “ペイルビースト [Pale Beast]”, in Vol.5, Konami:
      (あお)(じろ)(はだ)をした、()()(わる)(しょう)(たい)()(めい)のモンスター。
      Aojiroi hada o shita, kimi no warui shōtai fumei no monsutā.
      A strange, sickly-looking pale-skinned monster.
  2. wrong; to blame
    (わる)かった。
    Warukatta.
    My bad.
  3. inferior
  4. improper; bad
    調(ちょう)()(わる)
    chōshi ga warui
    out of form
  5. harmful; damaging
    心臓(しんぞう)(わる)
    shinzō ni warui
    bad for the heart (a phrase used in response to an astonishment, etc.)
  6. sick; unwell; ill
  7. sorry; apologetic; regretful; "my bad"
    (わる)けど、明日(あした)ね。
    Warui kedo, ashita ne.
    Tomorrow, okay? I'm sorry.
Inflection edit
Idioms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
にく
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
惡い (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 悪い – see the following entry.
にく
[adjective] hateful, detestable, abominable
(This term, 悪い, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.