愛でる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
| 愛 |
Etymology
From Old Japanese verb 愛づ (medzu, mezu).
Natural progression from Old Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
Verb
愛でる (transitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana めでる, romaji mederu)
- to love
- to admire, to appreciate
Conjugation
Conjugation of "愛でる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | Imperfective (未然形) | 愛で | めで | mede |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuative (連用形) | 愛で | めで | mede | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 愛でる | めでる | mederu | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 愛でる | めでる | mederu | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 愛でれ | めでれ | medere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 愛でよ¹ 愛でろ² |
めでよ¹ めでろ² |
medeyo¹ medero² |
|
| Key constructions | Passive | 愛でられる | めでられる | mederareru |
| Causative | 愛でさせる 愛でさす |
めでさせる めでさす |
medesaseru medesasu |
|
| Potential | 愛でられる 愛でれる³ |
めでられる めでれる³ |
mederareru medereru³ |
|
| Volitional | 愛でよう | めでよう | medeyō | |
| Negative | 愛でない 愛でぬ 愛でん |
めでない めでぬ めでん |
medenai medenu meden |
|
| Negative continuative | 愛でず | めでず | medezu | |
| Formal | 愛でます | めでます | medemasu | |
| Perfective | 愛でた | めでた | medeta | |
| Conjunctive | 愛でて | めでて | medete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 愛でれば | めでれば | medereba | |
|
¹ Written imperative |
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Derived terms
- 目出度い, 芽出度い (めでたい, medetai): happy, worthy of congratulations
- 御目出度う (おめでとう, omedetō): congratulations