Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
つつし
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
愼む (kyūjitai)
謹む
虔む

Etymology edit

Cognate with 包む (tsutsumu).[1][2]

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "慎む"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
慎む つし [tsùtsúshíꜜmù]
Imperative (命令形) 慎め つし [tsùtsúshíꜜmè]
Key constructions
Passive 慎まれる つしまれ [tsùtsúshímáréꜜrù]
Causative 慎ませる つしませ [tsùtsúshímáséꜜrù]
Potential 慎める つしめ [tsùtsúshíméꜜrù]
Volitional 慎もう つしも [tsùtsúshímóꜜò]
Negative 慎まない つしまない [tsùtsúshímáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 慎まなかった つしまなかった [tsùtsúshímáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 慎みます つしみま [tsùtsúshímímáꜜsù]
Perfective 慎んだ つしんだ [tsùtsúshíꜜǹdà]
Conjunctive 慎んで つしんで [tsùtsúshíꜜǹdè]
Hypothetical conditional 慎めば つしめば [tsùtsúshíꜜmèbà]

Verb edit

(つつし) (tsutsushimutransitive godan (stem (つつし) (tsutsushimi), past (つつし)んだ (tsutsushinda))

  1. be mindful of
    言葉(ことば)(つつし)んでね。
    Kotoba o tsutsushinde ne.
    Make sure to mind your words.
  2. be prudent

Conjugation edit

References edit

  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN