憩

See also: 憇

憩	U+61A9, 憩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61A9

← 憨
[U+61A8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

憪 →
[U+61AA]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

憩 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹山心 (HUP) or 難竹山心 (XHUP), four-corner 2433₇, composition ⿱⿰舌自心)

rest, take rest

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 403, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11246
Dae Jaweon: page 743, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2350, character 11
Unihan data for U+61A9

Chinese edit

trad.		憩
simp. ^#		憩
alternative forms		憇

Glyph origin edit

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : abbreviated 恬 (“tranquil”) + 息 (“rest”). There is also the possibility that 憩 is phono-semantic (形聲／形声, OC *kʰrads) , with 𠯑 (OC *ɡroːd) as the phonetic component.

Etymology edit

Possibly related to 歇 (OC *qʰad) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qì (qi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hei³, tim⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khè

(Teochew, Peng'im): ki³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qì
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cì
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴
  - Yale: chì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hei³, tim⁵
  - Yale: hei, tíhm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hei³, tim⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: héi³, tim⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯³³/, /tʰiːm¹³/

Note: tim5 - nonstandard.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khè
  - Tâi-lô: khè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qex
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰe²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰe⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰe²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰe¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰe²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ki³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi²¹³/

Middle Chinese: khjejH

Rime
Character	憩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	祭 (37)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去例切
Baxter	khjejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠiᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚiɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰjiaj^H/
Li Rong	/kʰjɛi^H/
Wang Li	/kʰĭɛi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hai³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qʰ<r>a[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰrads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憩
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qì
Middle Chinese	‹ khjej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*C.qʰ<r>a[t]-s/
English	rest (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憩
Reading #	1/1
No.	10174
Phonetic component	憩
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	憩
Old Chinese	/*kʰrads/
Notes	從恬息省會意

Definitions edit

憩

(literary) to rest
小憩 ― xiǎoqì ― to rest for a bit; to take a breather
- 一心仰望，同心禱祈，相愛共享天憩。 [MSC, trad.]
  一心仰望，同心祷祈，相爱共享天憩。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1982 [1986], translation by 羅炳良 [Daniel P.L. Law] and 王培英, 樂哉家庭 [Happy the Home When God Is There], in 《生命聖詩》 [Hymns of Life]
  Yīxīn yǎngwàng, tóngxīn dǎoqí, xiāng'ài gòngxiǎng tiān qì. [Pinyin]
  When one their wish and one their prayer And one their heav'nly rest.

Compounds edit

休憩 (xiūqì)
小憩 (xiǎoqì)
少憩 (shǎoqì)
憩室 (qìshì)
憩息 (qìxī)
流憩
遊憩／游憩 (yóuqì)

References edit

“憩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

憩

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings edit

Go-on: かい (kai)
Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
Kun: いこい (ikoi, 憩い, Jōyō)^{←いこひ (ikofi, 憩ひ, historical)}; いこう (ikou, 憩う, Jōyō)^{←いこふ (ikofu, 憩ふ, historical)}; いこのう (ikonou, 憩う)^{←いこのふ (ikonofu, 憩ふ, historical)}
Nanori: やす (yasu)

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 憩 (MC khjejH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 콍〮 (Yale: khyéy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 게 (key) (Yale: key) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation edit

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ke̞(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [게(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.