捨てる
Japanese edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 捨 |
| す Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 棄てる |
Etymology edit
From 下二段 (shimo nidan) verb 捨つ (sutsu).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru. For the Old / Classical form, see the 捨つ entry.
Pronunciation edit
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "捨てる"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
捨てる | すてる | [sùtérú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 捨てろ | すてろ | [sùtéró] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 捨てられる | すてられる | [sùtérárérú] |
| Causative | 捨てさせる | すてさせる | [sùtésásérú] |
| Potential | 捨てられる | すてられる | [sùtérárérú] |
| Volitional | 捨てよう | すてよー | [sùtéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 捨てない | すてない | [sùténáí] |
| Negative perfective | 捨てなかった | すてなかった | [sùténáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 捨てます | すてます | [sùtémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 捨てた | すてた | [sùtétá] |
| Conjunctive | 捨てて | すてて | [sùtété] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 捨てれば | すてれば | [sùtéréꜜbà] |
Verb edit
捨てる • (suteru) transitive ichidan (stem 捨て (sute), past 捨てた (suteta))
- to throw away
- ゴミを捨てる
- gomi o suteru
- to throw away garbage
- ゴミを捨てる
- to abandon
- 死体を捨てる
- shitai o suteru
- to abandon a corpse
- 死体を捨てる
- to desert; to jilt
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of "捨てる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 捨て | すて | sute | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 捨て | すて | sute | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 捨てる | すてる | suteru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 捨てる | すてる | suteru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 捨てれ | すてれ | sutere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 捨てよ¹ 捨てろ² |
すてよ¹ すてろ² |
suteyo¹ sutero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 捨てられる | すてられる | suterareru | |
| Causative | 捨てさせる 捨てさす |
すてさせる すてさす |
sutesaseru sutesasu | |
| Potential | 捨てられる 捨てれる³ |
すてられる すてれる³ |
suterareru sutereru³ | |
| Volitional | 捨てよう | すてよう | suteyō | |
| Negative | 捨てない 捨てぬ 捨てん |
すてない すてぬ すてん |
sutenai sutenu suten | |
| Negative continuative | 捨てず | すてず | sutezu | |
| Formal | 捨てます | すてます | sutemasu | |
| Perfective | 捨てた | すてた | suteta | |
| Conjunctive | 捨てて | すてて | sutete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 捨てれば | すてれば | sutereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.