据える
Japanese edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 据 |
| す Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology edit
From classical shimo nidan katsuyō verb 据う (suu),[1] possibly parsed as *suwu. In the Muromachi period, there also exists a classical verb 据ゆ (suyu).
Compare 座る (suwaru, “sit”, intransitive).
Pronunciation edit
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "据える"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
据える | すえる | [sùérú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 据えろ | すえろ | [sùéró] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 据えられる | すえられる | [sùérárérú] |
| Causative | 据えさせる | すえさせる | [sùésásérú] |
| Potential | 据えられる | すえられる | [sùérárérú] |
| Volitional | 据えよう | すえよー | [sùéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 据えない | すえない | [sùénáí] |
| Negative perfective | 据えなかった | すえなかった | [sùénáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 据えます | すえます | [sùémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 据えた | すえた | [sùétá] |
| Conjunctive | 据えて | すえて | [sùété] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 据えれば | すえれば | [sùéréꜜbà] |
Verb edit
据える • (sueru) ←すゑる (sweru)?transitive ichidan (stem 据え (sue), past 据えた (sueta))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 据える |
| mediopassive | 据わる |
- (of an object) to place, set (so it cannot be moved)
- to lay a foundation
- to seat someone
- to settle on, focus oneself
- to apply moxa
- to (place a) seal
- Synonym: 捺印する (natsuin suru)
- (of birds, etc.) to perch
- to plant, transplant
- Synonym: 植え付ける (uetsukeru)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of "据える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 据え | すえ | sue | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 据え | すえ | sue | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 据える | すえる | sueru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 据える | すえる | sueru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 据えれ | すえれ | suere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 据えよ¹ 据えろ² |
すえよ¹ すえろ² |
sueyo¹ suero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 据えられる | すえられる | suerareru | |
| Causative | 据えさせる 据えさす |
すえさせる すえさす |
suesaseru suesasu | |
| Potential | 据えられる 据えれる³ |
すえられる すえれる³ |
suerareru suereru³ | |
| Volitional | 据えよう | すえよう | sueyō | |
| Negative | 据えない 据えぬ 据えん |
すえない すえぬ すえん |
suenai suenu suen | |
| Negative continuative | 据えず | すえず | suezu | |
| Formal | 据えます | すえます | suemasu | |
| Perfective | 据えた | すえた | sueta | |
| Conjunctive | 据えて | すえて | suete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 据えれば | すえれば | suereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
- 末 (sue, “end, close, last”)
- 据石, 据え石 (sueishi)
- 据置く, 据え置く (sueoku)
- 据金物, 据え金物 (sue-kanamono)
- 据え炬燵 (sue-gotatsu)
- 据え膳 (suezen)
- 据付ける, 据え付ける (suetsukeru)
- 据-風呂, 据え風呂 (sue-furo)
- 据身, 据え身 (suemi)
- 据物, 据え物 (suemono)
- 打据える, 打ち据える (uchisueru)
- 売据え, 売り据え (urisue)
- 置き据え (okisue)
- 折据え, 折り据え (orisue)
- 舁き据え屋形舟 (kakisue-yakatabune)
- 釜据え (kamasue)
- 性根を据えてかかる (shōne o suete kakaru)
- 突据える, 突き据える (tsukisueru)
- 睨み据える (niramisueru)
- 引据える, 引き据える (hikisueru)
- 見据える (misueru)
Idioms edit
Idioms
- 肝を据える (kimo o sueru, “place one's liver → do with determination”)
- 灸を据える (kyū o sueru, “apply moxa on skin → chastise, scold”)
- 腰を据える (koshi o sueru, “place one's back → settle down”)
- 尻を据える (shiri o sueru, “place one's butt → sit down”)
- 腹に据えかねる (hara ni suekaneru, “be unable to keep in one's belly → not suppress one's anger”)
- 瞳を据える (hitomi o sueru, “focus one's pupils → stare and not move one's eyes”)
- 御輿を据える (mikoshi o sueru, “lay a mikoshi down → rest, not move”)
- 目を据える (me o sueru, “focus one's eye → focus without moving one's eyeballs”)