See also:
U+63A8, 推
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63A8

[U+63A7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+63A9]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 64, +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手人土 (QOG), four-corner 50014, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 439, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12284
  • Dae Jaweon: page 790, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1898, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+63A8

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *tʰuːl, *tʰjul): semantic (hand) + phonetic (OC *tjul) – push with the hand.

Etymology edit

Middle Chinese distinguishes (MC thwoj, “to push”) and (MC tsrhwij, “to proceed; to promote; to deduce”).

Older Mandarin dictionaries[n 1] give chuī (the Mandarin reflex of (MC tsrhwij)) as a variant reading for all senses, while Cantonese dictionaries[n 2] only assign ceoi1 to the "to deduce" sense (e.g. in 推測 (“to surmise”)). Most modern Sinitic varieties use the reflexes of (MC thwoj) for all meanings, while Sino-Xenic use the reflexes of (MC tsrhwij) (in Korean, however, the reflex of (MC thwoj) is also used in a few words). Some varieties (including certain Hakka, Min, and sometimes Yue dialects) preserve both readings, but not necessarily disambiguate them by meaning.

See also (MC tsrhjweX|twaX).

“to support”; “oshi”
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese () (oshi).

Pronunciation edit


Note: thôi - “to put aside”.
Note:
  • thui/chhui - literary;
  • ther/the/tu - vernacular.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /tʰuei⁵⁵/
    Harbin /tʰuei⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /tʰuei²¹/
    Jinan /tʰuei²¹³/
    Qingdao /tʰue²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /tʰuei²⁴/
    Xi'an /tʰuei²¹/
    Xining /tʰuɨ⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /tʰuei⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /tʰuei³¹/
    Ürümqi /tʰuei⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /tʰei⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /tʰuei⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /tʰuei⁵⁵/
    Kunming /tʰuei⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /tʰuəi³¹/
    Hefei /tʰe²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /tʰuei¹¹/
    Pingyao /tʰuæ¹³/
    Hohhot /tʰuei³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /tʰe⁵³/
    Suzhou /tʰe̞⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /tʰui³³/
    Wenzhou /tʰai³³/
    Hui Shexian /tʰɛ³¹/
    Tunxi /tʰə¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /tʰei³³/
    Xiangtan /tʰəi³³/
    Gan Nanchang /tʰui⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /tʰui⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan
    Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰøy⁵³/
    Nanning /tʰui⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /tʰøy⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tʰui⁵⁵/
    /tu⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tʰøy⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰo⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰui³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /sui²³/
    /he²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial () (19) (6)
    Final () (16) (42)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed Closed
    Division () III I
    Fanqie
    Baxter tsrhwij thwoj
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /t͡ʃʰiuɪ/ /tʰuʌi/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ʈ͡ʂʰʷi/ /tʰuoi/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /t͡ʃʰjuɪ/ /tʰuɒi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ʈ͡ʂʰwi/ /tʰwəj/
    Li
    Rong
    /t͡ʃʰui/ /tʰuᴀi/
    Wang
    Li
    /t͡ʃʰwi/ /tʰuɒi/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʈ͡ʂʰwi/ /tʰuɑ̆i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    chuāi tuī
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ceoi1 teoi1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    tuī
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ thwoj ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*tʰˁuj/
    English push away

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 17708 17724
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2 2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    𨌴
    Old
    Chinese
    /*tʰuːl/ /*tʰjul/
    Notes

    Definitions edit

    1. to push
        ―  shǒutuīchē  ―  pushcart
        ―  tuī kāi chuāng  ―  to push the windows open
    2. to postpone; to delay
        ―  tuīchí  ―  to postpone
    3. (figurative) to put aside; to push away; to dismiss; to explain away
      诿  ―  tuīwěi  ―  to pass the buck
        ―  tuī  ―  to decline with an excuse
      聚會採訪責任 [MSC, trad.]
      聚会采访责任 [MSC, simp.]
      tuīdiào jùhuì, tuīdiào cǎifǎng, tuīdiào zérèn [Pinyin]
      to decline a gathering, to decline interviews, to decline responsibility
    4. to prompt; to propel
        ―  tuījìn  ―  to propel; to push forward
      波助瀾波助澜  ―  tuībōzhùlán  ―  "to drive the billowing waves"; to add fuel to fire
    5. to promote; to advertise; to advocate
      广  ―  tuīguǎng  ―  to promote; to popularize
        ―  tuīchū  ―  to present
    6. to nominate; to recommend
        ―  tuījiàn  ―  to recommend
        ―  tuīxuǎn  ―  to nominate
      唐代詩人李杜 [MSC, trad.]
      唐代诗人李杜 [MSC, simp.]
      Tángdài shīrén shǒutuī lǐdù. [Pinyin]
      Li Bai and Du Fu are ranked the top among the Tang-era poets.
    7. to generalize; to broaden
      己及人  ―  tuījǐjírén  ―  to put oneself in someone's shoes
    8. to infer; to deduce
        ―  tuī  ―  to estimate; to infer
        ―  lèituī  ―  to infer by analogy
    9. to derive; to reason; to compute
        ―  tuīdǎo  ―  to derive
        ―  tuīlùn  ―  corollary
    10. to proceed; to succeed; to form a procession
        ―  tuī  ―  to proceed (in time)
    11. (Hong Kong, Internet slang) to bump a thread in support; to "push"
      Synonym: push
      Antonyms: , pull
    12. (ACG or fandom slang) being a devoted fan of [someone]; to support [someone] (in an idol group; etc.)
      前田敦子  ―  Qiántián Dūnzǐ tuī  ―  a person supporting Atsuko Maeda
      一生  ―  yīshēng tuī  ―  to support [someone or a particular group] for life
    13. (ACG or fandom slang) oshi; favourite idol
        ―  shǒu tuī  ―  member that someone like most in an idol group

    Synonyms edit

    Compounds edit

    Descendants edit

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Vietnamese: suy ()

    References edit

    1. ^ Samuel Wells Williams, 1874; Herbert Allen Giles, 1892
    2. ^ John Chalmers, 1855; Samuel Wells Williams, 1856; 廣話國語一貫未定稿, 1916

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. conjecture

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    (chu, toe) (hangeul , )

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: suy, chui, thoi, thòi, thôi, tòi, thối

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.