曈

See also: 朣, 膧, and 瞳

曈 U+66C8, 曈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66C8 ← 曇 [U+66C7] CJK Unified Ideographs 曉 → [U+66C9]

Translingual

Han character

曈 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日卜廿土 (AYTG), four-corner 6001₄, composition ⿰日童)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 500, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14175
• Dae Jaweon: page 870, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1537, character 8
• Unihan data for U+66C8

Chinese

simp. and trad.		曈

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 曈
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撞	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦	*rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽	*tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	*toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	*toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜	*doːŋ, *doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	*tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	*doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	*doŋ, *doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	*doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘	*tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	*tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	*tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tóng (tong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tung⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tóng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻung²
    • Yale: túng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: torng
    • Palladius: тун (tun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tung⁴
    • Yale: tùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: duwng, thuwng, thuwngX

Rime
Character	曈	曈	曈
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	透 (6)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	東 (1)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	徒紅切	他紅切	他孔切
Baxter	duwng	thuwng	thuwngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duŋ/	/tʰuŋ/	/tʰuŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/duŋ/	/tʰuŋ/	/tʰuŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/duŋ/	/tʰuŋ/	/tʰuŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəwŋ/	/tʰəwŋ/	/tʰəwŋX/
Li Rong	/duŋ/	/tʰuŋ/	/tʰuŋX/
Wang Li	/duŋ/	/tʰuŋ/	/tʰuŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuŋ/	/tʰuŋ/	/tʰuŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tóng	tōng	tǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tung4	tung1	tung2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰoːŋ/, /*tʰoːŋʔ/, /*doːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曈	曈	曈
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	17437	17438	17445
Phonetic component	重	重	重
Rime group	東	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	通	侗	同
Old Chinese	/*tʰoːŋ/	/*tʰoːŋʔ/	/*doːŋ/

Definitions

曈

1. twilight just before sunrise

Japanese

Kanji

曈

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): とう (tō); つ (tsu)
• Kun: ほのぐらい (honogurai)