U+67EF, 柯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67EF

[U+67EE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+67F0]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 75, +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木一弓口 (DMNR), four-corner 41920, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 520, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14658
  • Dae Jaweon: page 908, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1178, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+67EF

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kaːl): semantic (tree) + phonetic (OC *kʰaːlʔ).

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms ancient

Same word as (OC *kaːl, “mooring post for a boat”) and related to (OC *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls, “a pair of wheels upon an axle tree”); perhaps related to (OC *kaːns, “stem, support”) but distinct from 竿 (OC *kaːn, “pole”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit


Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note:
  • koa - vernacular (surname);
  • kho - literary.
Note:
  • gua1 - vernacular (surname);
  • ko1 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter ka
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ka/
Li
Rong
/kɑ/
Wang
Li
/kɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
go1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ka ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁar/
English axe-handle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7433
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kaːl/

Definitions edit

  1. (literary) axe handle
  2. (literary) stalk; branch
  3. a surname
      ―  Wénzhé  ―  Ko Wen-je (Taiwanese politician)
  4. Short for 柯爾克孜柯尔克孜 (kē'ěrkèzī, “Kyrgyz (the people, language, etc.)”).
  5. Lithocarpus; stone oak
Descendants edit
  • English: Ke, Ko, Ker, Or, O, Quah, Qua, Kuah, Kua, Kwa
  • Tagalog: Cua (via Hokkien)

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit


Definitions edit

  1. (Hokkien, of fruits, vegetable, etc.) fibrous; stringy; tough; withered
  2. (Teochew) dry; dried up; unmoist
  3. (Hokkien) lost one's youthfulness; old

Etymology 3 edit

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

  1. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) copper coin
  2. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) yuan (unit of currency)
Synonyms edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

  • Go-on: (ka)
  • Kan-on: (ka)
  • Kun: (e, )

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(ga) (hangeul , revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: kha

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References edit