構

See also: 构 and 横

構 U+69CB, 構 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-69CB ← 槊 [U+69CA] CJK Unified Ideographs 槌 → [U+69CC]

Translingual

Han character

構 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木廿廿月 (DTTB), four-corner 4594₇, composition ⿰木冓)

Derived characters

• 𡒫, 𥵡

Descendants

• 构 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 546, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15317
• Dae Jaweon: page 933, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1259, character 7
• Unihan data for U+69CB

Chinese

trad.		構/搆*
simp.		构*
alternative forms		构 遘 “to form”
搆 – not used for “paper mulberry”

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (冓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
溝	*koː
篝	*koː
鞲	*koː
韝	*koː, *kʰoː
褠	*koː
冓	*koː, *koːs
構	*koːs
購	*koːs
媾	*koːs
覯	*koːs
遘	*koːs, *koːs
煹	*koːs
搆	*koːs
講	*kroːŋʔ
耩	*kroːŋʔ
傋	*kroːŋʔ, *qʰroːŋʔ
斠	*kroːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːs) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 冓 (OC *koː, *koːs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gòu (gou⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kau³, gau³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiêu / kieu
• Eastern Min (BUC): gáiu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiò / kò͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gou³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵keu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gòu
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gòu
    • Wade–Giles: kou⁴
    • Yale: gòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gow
    • Palladius: гоу (gou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kau³, gau³
    • Yale: kau, gau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kau³, gau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: keo³, geo³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐu̯³³/, /kɐu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiêu / kieu
    • Hakka Romanization System: gieu´ / gieu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gieu¹ / gieu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯²⁴/, /ki̯eu̯⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gáiu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑu²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiò
    • Tâi-lô: kiò
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kioix
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kio⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò͘
    • Tâi-lô: kòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kox
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gou³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kòu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵keu
    • MiniDict: keu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²keu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kɤ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: kuwH

Rime
Character	構
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古候切
Baxter	kuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kəuH/
Pan Wuyun	/kəuH/
Shao Rongfen	/kəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəwH/
Li Rong	/kuH/
Wang Li	/kəuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gau3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	構
Reading #	1/1
No.	4191
Phonetic component	冓
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	遘
Old Chinese	/*koːs/

Definitions

構

1. to form; to build
2. to fabricate; to make up
3. frame; structure; building
4. paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera)

   Synonyms: 楮 (chǔ), 榖 (gǔ)

Compounds

• 主從架構／主从架构
• 人口結構／人口结构 (rénkǒu jiégòu)
• 佳構劇／佳构剧
• 儲油構造／储油构造
• 分子結構／分子结构 (fēnzǐ jiégòu)
• 向壁虛構／向壁虚构 (xiàngbìxūgòu)
• 堂構／堂构
• 堂構更新／堂构更新
• 宏構／宏构
• 宿構／宿构
• 嵌版構造／嵌版构造
• 建構／建构 (jiàngòu)
• 慈善機構／慈善机构 (císhàn jīgòu)
• 憑虛構象／凭虚构象
• 板塊構造／板块构造
• 架構／架构 (jiàgòu)
• 構件／构件 (gòujiàn)
• 構兵／构兵 (gòubīng)
• 構圖／构图 (gòutú)
• 構型／构型 (gòuxíng)
• 構工／构工
• 構建／构建 (gòujiàn)
• 構形／构形 (gòuxíng)
• 構思／构思 (gòusī)
• 構怨／构怨 (gòuyuàn)
• 構怨連兵／构怨连兵
• 構想／构想 (gòuxiǎng)
• 構成／构成 (gòuchéng)
• 構成主義／构成主义 (gòuchéng zhǔyì)
• 構擬／构拟 (gòunǐ)
• 構會／构会
• 構架／构架 (gòujià)
• 構築／构筑 (gòuzhù)
• 構築物／构筑物 (gòuzhùwù)
• 構精／构精
• 構訟不息／构讼不息
• 構詞惑眾／构词惑众
• 構詞法／构词法
• 構造／构造 (gòuzào)
• 構造單元／构造单元
• 構造地震／构造地震
• 構造運動／构造运动
• 構釁／构衅
• 構陷／构陷 (gòuxiàn)
• 機構／机构 (jīgòu)
• 權力結構／权力结构 (quánlì jiégòu)
• 民意機構／民意机构
• 生態結構／生态结构 (shēngtài jiégòu)
• 生產結構／生产结构 (shēngchǎn jiégòu)
• 異構／异构 (yìgòu)
• 秦王構石／秦王构石
• 結構／结构 (jiégòu)
• 結構主義／结构主义 (jiégòuzhǔyì)
• 締構／缔构
• 肯堂肯構／肯堂肯构
• 肯構肯堂／肯构肯堂
• 虛構／虚构 (xūgòu)
• 解構／解构 (jiěgòu)
• 讒構／谗构

 

Descendants

• → Thai: ก่อ (gɔ̀ɔ)

Japanese

Shinjitai	構
Kyūjitai	構󠄁 構+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	構󠄃 構+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

構

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. to build, construct

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
• Kun: かまえる (kamaeru, 構える, Jōyō)^{←かまへる (kamaferu, 構へる, historical)}; かまえ (kamae, 構え)^{←かまへ (kamafe, 構へ, historical)}; かまう (kamau, 構う, Jōyō)^{←かまふ (kamafu, 構ふ, historical)}

Compounds

• 構外(こうがい) (kōgai)
• 構成(こうせい) (kōsei)
• 構図(こうず) (kōzu)
• 構想(こうそう) (kōsō)
• 構造(こうぞう) (kōzō)
• 構築(こうちく) (kōchiku)
• 構内(こうない) (kōnai)
• 構文(こうぶん) (kōbun)

Derived terms

• 構(かま)いません (kamaimasen)

Korean

Hanja

構 (eumhun 집세울 구 (jipse'ul gu))

1. to build, construct (얽다)
2. paper mulberry (꾸지나무, 닥나무)

Synonyms

• (paper mulberry): 榖
• (paper mulberry): 楮

Vietnamese

Han character

構: Hán Nôm readings: cấu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.