Wiktionary

狹

See also: 狭
狹 U+72F9, 狹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72F9
← 狸
[U+72F8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 狺 →
[U+72FA]

Translingual edit

Japanese 狭
Simplified 狭
Traditional 狹

Han character edit

狹 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大竹大人人 (KHKOO), four-corner 44238, composition ⿰犭夾)

Derived characters edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 711, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20428
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1123, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1348, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+72F9

Chinese edit

trad. 狹
simp. 狭

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (夾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
瘞 *qrebs
瘱 *qeːbs
脥 *kʰemʔ
浹 *skaːb, *skeːb
挾 *skaːb, *ɡeːb
夾 *kreːb
郟 *kreːb
筴 *sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb
裌 *kreːb
鵊 *kreːb
狹 *ɡreːb
峽 *ɡreːb
硤 *ɡreːb
陜 *ɡreːb
陿 *ɡreːb
翜 *sraːb, *srɯːb
梜 *kraːb, *keːb
頰 *keːb
莢 *keːb
鋏 *keːb
蛺 *keːb
唊 *keːb
悏 *kʰeːb
匧 *kʰeːb
愜 *kʰeːb
篋 *kʰeːb
俠 *ɡeːb
綊 *ɡeːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡreːb) : semantic 犭 (“dog”) + phonetic 夾 (OC *kreːb) – narrow-minded, like a dog.

Etymology edit

The endopassive of 夾 (OC *kreːb, “to press between”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gjap (“narrow; crowded”), from which Burmese ကျပ် (kyap, “tight”) is derived (STEDT).

Pronunciation edit

Note: gip6 - vernacular.
Note:
  • Meixian:
    • hab6 - vernacular;
    • hiab6 - literary.
Note:
  • hiĕk - literary;
  • ĕk - vernacular.
Note:
  • oe̍h/e̍h - vernacular (“narrow”);
  • hia̍p - vernacular;
  • ha̍p - literary.
Note:
  • hiab8/hiêb8 - literary (hiêb8 - Chaozhou);
  • oih8 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 狹
Mandarin Beijing /ɕia³⁵/
Harbin /ɕia²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕiɑ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕia⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕia⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕia⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕia²⁴/
Xining /ɕia²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕia⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕia⁵³/
/t͡ɕʰia¹³/
Ürümqi /ɕia⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕia²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕia³¹/
Guiyang /ɕia²¹/
Kunming /ɕia̠³¹/
Nanjing /ɕiɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiaʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /ɕiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ɕia³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦaʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɦaʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɦiɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /ɦa²¹³/
Hui Shexian /xa²²/
Tunxi /xɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕia²⁴/
Xiangtan /xɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /haʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /hap̚⁵/
Taoyuan /hiɑp̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hap̚³/
Nanning /hap̚³³/
Hong Kong /hap̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hap̚⁵/
/ueʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hieʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xa²⁴/
/kiɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /hiap̚⁵/
/oiʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hiap̚³/
/kiap̚³/
Rime
Character 狹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 咸 (152)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 侯夾切
Baxter heap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦˠɛp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦᵚæp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɐp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦəɨp̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɣɐp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɣɐp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣăp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xiá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		haap6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 狹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xiá
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hɛp ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N-kˁ<r>ep/
English narrow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 狹
Reading # 1/1
No. 5896
Phonetic
component 		夾
Rime
group 		盍
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		洽
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡreːb/

Definitions edit

狹

  1. narrow (of rooms, pants, streets, etc.); tight
    迭條弄堂忒狹了，兩個人並排也走勿過去。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    迭条弄堂忒狭了，两个人并排也走勿过去。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    8diq-diau 6lon-daon 7theq 8ghaq 0leq 6lian-gheq-gnin 6bin-ba 6gha 5tseu-veq-ku-chi [Wugniu]
    This alleyway is too narrow, not even two people can go through it side by side.
  2. narrow-minded; narrow (of one's thinking, knowledge, mind, etc.)

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 窄 (“narrow”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 狹, 隘, 窄
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 窄, 狹窄
Mandarin Beijing 窄
Taiwan 窄
Harbin 窄
Yantai (Muping) 窄
Jinan 窄
Wanrong 窄
Xi'an 窄
Yinchuan 窄
Xining 窄
Ürümqi 窄
Wuhan 窄
Chengdu 窄
Guiyang 窄
Liuzhou 窄
Yangzhou 狹, 窄
Nanjing 窄
Hefei 窄
Singapore 窄
Cantonese Guangzhou 窄
Hong Kong 窄
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 窄
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 窄
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 狹
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 狹
Macau 窄
Guangzhou (Panyu) 窄
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 窄
Guangzhou (Conghua) 窄
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 窄
Foshan 窄
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 窄
Foshan (Shunde) 窄
Foshan (Sanshui) 窄
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 窄
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 窄
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 窄
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 窄
Zhuhai (Doumen) 窄
Jiangmen (Baisha) 窄
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 窄
Taishan 窄
Kaiping (Chikan) 窄
Enping (Niujiang) 窄
Heshan (Yayao) 窄
Dongguan 窄
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 窄
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 窄
Qingyuan 窄
Fogang 窄
Yingde (Hanguang) 窄
Yangshan 窄, 狹, 狹窄
Lianshan (Butian) 窄
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 窄
Shaoguan 窄
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 窄, 狹
Renhua 窄
Lechang 窄
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 窄
Sihui 窄
Guangning 窄
Deqing 窄
Huaiji 窄
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 窄
Yunfu 窄
Xinxing 窄
Luoding 窄
Yunan (Pingtai) 窄
Yangjiang 窄
Xinyi 狹
Lianjiang 窄
Nanning 窄
Wuzhou 窄
Hepu (Lianzhou) 窄
Guiping 窄
Mengshan (Xihe) 狹
Guigang (Nanjiang) 窄
Baise 窄
Bobai 狹
Lingshan 窄
Pubei 窄
Qinzhou 窄
Beihai 窄
Ningming 窄
Hengzhou 窄
Hezhou (Pumen) 窄
Danzhou 窄
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 窄
Gan Nanchang 狹, 窄
Pingxiang 窄
Hakka Meixian 狹
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 窄
Dongguan (Qingxi) 狹
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 狹
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 狹
Heyuan (Bendihua) 狹
Wengyuan 狹
Liannan 窄
Conghua (Lütian) 狹
Jiexi 狹
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 狹
Changting 狹
Wuping (Yanqian) 狹
Ninghua 狹
Ningdu 狹
Tonggu (Sandu) 狹
Ganzhou (Panlong) 窄
Dayu 狹
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 狹
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 狹
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 狹
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 狹
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 狹
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 狹
Hong Kong 窄, 狹
Yangxi (Tangkou) 狹
Yangchun (Sanjia) 狹
Xinyi (Sihe) 狹
Xinyi (Qianpai) 狹
Gaozhou (Xindong) 狹
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 狹
Huazhou (Xin'an) 狹
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 狹
Lianjiang (Qingping) 狹
Mengshan (Xihe) 狹
Luchuan 狹
Senai (Huiyang) 狹
Jin Taiyuan 窄
Xinzhou 窄
Northern Min Jian'ou 迫
Songxi 迫
Zhenghe 迫
Jianyang 狹
Wuyishan 迫
Pucheng (Shibei) 迫
Eastern Min Fuzhou 窄, 狹
Changle 窄
Fuqing 狹
Yongtai 窄
Gutian 窄
Fu'an 狹
Ningde 狹
Shouning 狹
Zhouning 狹
Fuding 狹
Southern Min Xiamen 狹
Quanzhou 狹
Zhangzhou 狹
Taipei (Wanhua) 狹
Kaohsiung 狹
Yilan 狹
Changhua (Lukang) 狹
Taichung 狹
Taichung (Wuqi) 狹
Tainan 狹
Taitung 狹
Hsinchu 狹
Penghu (Magong) 狹
Singapore (Hokkien) 狹
Manila (Hokkien) 狹
Chaozhou 狹
Shantou 狹
Shantou (Chenghai) 狹
Jieyang 狹
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 狹
Haikou 隘
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 狹
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 窄
Wu Shanghai 狹
Suzhou 狹
Wenzhou 狹
Xiang Changsha 窄
Shuangfeng 狹
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

  • → Lao: ແຄບ (khǣp)
  • → Shan: ၵႅပ်ႈ (kēp)
  • → Saek: เกฺ้บ.
  • → Thai: แคบ (kɛ̂ɛp)

Japanese edit

Shinjitai

狭

Kyūjitai

狹

Kanji edit

狹

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 狭)

  1. narrow
  2. contract
  3. reduce
  4. tight
  5. limited

Readings edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

狹 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

狹: Hán Nôm readings: hẹp, hiẹp, hệp

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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