Wiktionary

矩

See also: 榘
矩 U+77E9, 矩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77E9
← 矨
[U+77E8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 矪 →
[U+77EA]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

矩 (Kangxi radical 111, 矢+5 in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 矢+4 in mainland China, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 人大尸尸 (OKSS), four-corner 81417 or 81817, composition ⿰矢巨)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 824, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23947
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1236, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2582, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+77E9

Chinese edit

trad. 矩
simp. # 矩

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 矩
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (巨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
柜 *kaʔ
渠 *ɡa
磲 *ɡa
蕖 *ɡa
蟝 *ɡa
璖 *ɡa
巨 *ɡaʔ
距 *ɡaʔ
拒 *ɡaʔ
苣 *ɡaʔ
炬 *ɡaʔ
詎 *ɡaʔ, *ɡas
鉅 *ɡaʔ
秬 *ɡaʔ
粔 *ɡaʔ
駏 *ɡaʔ
歫 *ɡaʔ
矩 *kʷaʔ
榘 *kʷaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷaʔ) : semantic 矢 + phonetic 巨 (OC *ɡaʔ).

Etymology edit

“(physics) moment”
From the sense “square shape”; coined by Chinese translator Wu Guangjian in 1904, but not widely used then; in the 1930s, 矩 (jǔ) was chosen as the standard translation of moment by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China, and this word became more and more common than the former term 能率 (nénglǜ) (Wang, 2013).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation edit

Note: gu2 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.
Rime
Character 矩
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 俱雨切
Baxter kjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨoX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kioX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kioX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kuə̆X/
Li
Rong 		/kioX/
Wang
Li 		/kĭuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ki̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		geoi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 矩
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjuX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ʷ(r)aʔ/
English carpenter"s square

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 矩
Reading # 1/1
No. 7059
Phonetic
component 		巨
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		矩
Old
Chinese 		/*kʷaʔ/

Definitions edit

矩

  1. † carpenter's square
  2. square (shape)
  3. rule; law
  4. (physics) moment [from 1904]
    力矩  ―  lìjǔ  ―  torque
    磁矩  ―  cíjǔ  ―  magnetic moment
    Synonym: 能率 (nénglǜ) (obsolete)
  5. (～州) (historical) Old name for 貴州／贵州 (Guìzhōu, “Guizhou”) during the Yuan dynasty.

Compounds edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Shinjitai 矩
Kyūjitai
[1]
矩󠄁
矩+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1) 		 
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji edit

矩

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. carpenter's square

Readings edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
矩
く
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

矩(く) • (ku) 

  1. carpenter's square
  2. square (shape)
  3. rule; law

Noun edit

矩(く) • (ku) 

  1. (astronomy) quadrature

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
矩
のり
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 矩 – see the following entry.
【のり】
[noun] rule, regulation, law
[noun] norm, standard
[noun] measure, scale, ruler (measuring device)
[noun] measure, scale, size
Alternative spellings
規, 法, 則
(This term, 矩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References edit

  1. ^ “矩”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024

Korean edit

Hanja edit

矩 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

矩: Hán Nôm readings: củ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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