Wiktionary

禊

禊 U+798A, 禊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-798A
← 禉
[U+7989] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 禋 →
[U+798B]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

禊 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈火手竹大 (IFQHK), four-corner 37234, composition ⿰礻契(GHT) or ⿰示契(JK))

  1. semiannual ceremony of purification

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 844, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24760
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2404, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+798A

Chinese edit

trad. 禊
simp. # 禊

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (丯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
夆 *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds
丯 *kreːds
瘛 *kʰjeds, *ɡeːds, *kʰjed
觢 *ɡjeds
契 *kʰeːds, *kʰeːd, *kʰeːd, *kʰɯd
栔 *kʰeːds
禊 *ɡeːds
稧 *ɡeːds
楔 *kreːd, *sqʰeːd
葜 *kʰreːd
猰 *qreːd, *kraːd, *kʰeːd
窫 *qreːd
揳 *sqʰeːd
偰 *sqʰeːd
潔 *keːd
絜 *keːd, *ɡeːd
鍥 *keːd, *kʰeːd
挈 *kʰeːd
蛪 *kʰeːd
齧 *ŋeːd
褉 *qʰeːd
喫 *ŋ̊ʰeːɡ

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character 禊
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡計切
Baxter hejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦeiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦeiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/ɣeiH/
Wang
Li 		/ɣieiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hai6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 禊
Reading # 1/1
No. 6495
Phonetic
component 		丯
Rime
group 		祭
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		蒵
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡeːds/

Definitions edit

禊

  1. (historical) purification ceremony held in spring and autumn

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

禊

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
禊
みそぎ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
禊ぎ
 
禊 (misogi): a man performing misogi at night under a waterfall at Tsubaki Grand Shrine.
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From Old Japanese, though the original pronunciation of the initial miso is likely unknown.

The term itself is derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 禊ぐ (misogu, “to perform ablutions (on someone)”, archaic).[1]

Some sources[1][2] suggest that this might be derived further from a compound of 身 (mi, “body”) + 注ぎ (sosogi, “pouring over, into, onto”), or alternatively from 水 (mi, “water”) + 注ぎ (sosogi, “pouring over, into, onto”). Considering that 身 had an ancient reading of ⟨mi2⟩, while 水 had an ancient reading of ⟨mi1⟩, the latter is a better potential match.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

禊(みそぎ) • (misogi) 

  1. (Shinto) a form of ritual purification performed with water; compare English ablution
    • 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 11, poem 501)
      恋(こひ)せじと御(み)手洗(たらし)川(がは)にせしみそぎ神(かみ)はうけずぞなりにけらしも
      koiseji to mitarashigawa ni seshi misogi kami ni ukezu zo narinikerashi mo
      Longing [or “loving”] no more and purified by ritual ablution at the river of cleansing, the gods seemed to accept it not at the end.
  2. (Shinto, particularly) a purification ritual held in shrines on the last day of the sixth lunar month
    • 1235, Shinchokusen Wakashū (book 3, poem 192; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 98)
      風(かぜ)そよぐならの小(を)川(がは)の夕(ゆふ)暮(ぐ)れはみそぎぞ夏(なつ)のしるしなりける
      kaze soyogu Nara-no-ogawa no yūgure wa misogi zo natsu no shirushi narikeru
      Rustling winds among the oak [leaves] at river Nara dusk-eventime; the lustration rites are but a sign ’tis still summertime.

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • → English: misogi

See also edit

Verb edit

禊(みそぎ)する • (misogi suru) transitive suru (stem 禊(みそぎ)し (misogi shi), past 禊(みそぎ)した (misogi shita))

  1. to perform ritual purification or ablutions on someone
    • 1235, Shinchokusen Wakashū (book 3, poem 191)
      吉(よし)野(の)川(がは)かはかみ早(はや)く御秡(みそぎ)してしらゆふ花(ばな)のかずまさるらし
      Yoshino-gawa kawanami hayaku misogi shite shirayūbana no kazu masarurashi
      While doing the water purification rites at the fast-flowing Yoshino river, the white mulberry trees grow their flowers immensely.

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of "禊する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 禊し みそぎし misogi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 禊し みそぎし misogi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 禊する みそぎする misogi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 禊する みそぎする misogi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 禊すれ みそぎすれ misogi sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 禊せよ¹
禊しろ² 		みそぎせよ¹
みそぎしろ² 		misogi seyo¹
misogi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 禊される みそぎされる misogi sareru
Causative 禊させる
禊さす 		みそぎさせる
みそぎさす 		misogi saseru
misogi sasu
Potential 禊できる みそぎできる misogi dekiru
Volitional 禊しよう みそぎしよう misogi shiyō
Negative 禊しない みそぎしない misogi shinai
Negative continuative 禊せず みそぎせず misogi sezu
Formal 禊します みそぎします misogi shimasu
Perfective 禊した みそぎした misogi shita
Conjunctive 禊して みそぎして misogi shite
Hypothetical conditional 禊すれば みそぎすれば misogi sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Proper noun edit

禊(みそぎ) • (Misogi) 

  1. a female given name

References edit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja edit

禊 • (gye) (hangeul 계, revised gye, McCune–Reischauer kye, Yale kyey)

  1. a semiannual ceremony of purification

Old Japanese edit

Etymology edit

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 禊ぐ (MISOG-, “to perform ablutions (on someone)”).[1]

Noun edit

禊 (MISOGI₁) (kana みそぎ)

  1. a form of ritual purification performed with water; compare English ablution
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 4, first variant poem 626; first variant:
      君爾因言之繁乎古鄕之明日香乃河爾潔身爲爾去
      ki₁mi₁ ni yo₂ri ko₂to₂ no₂ sige₂ki₁ wo purusato₁ no₂ Asuka-no₂-kapa ni misogi₁ si ni yuku
      Since thy speeches became more frequent, I’d go [back] to the old capital doing purification in the Asuka river.
      Note: Another variant has the red text replaced with 龍田超三津之濱邊爾 (...Tatuta ko₁ye Mi₁tu no₂ pamabe₁ ni..., “...pass by Tatsuta and [go do purification in] the shores of Mitsu.”).
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 11, poem 2403:
      玉久世淸川原身秡爲齊命妹爲
      tamakuse no₂ ki₁yo₂ki₁ kapara ni misogi₁ site ipapu ino₂ti pa imo ga tame₂ ko₂so₂
      In the jeweled shallows [as if] a clear riverbed, I do the water purification rites for a blessed life and for the sake of my beloved.

Descendants edit

  • Japanese: 禊 (misogi)

References edit

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

禊: Hán Nôm readings: hễ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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