突然間

See also: 突然间

Chinese edit

		sudden; abrupt; suddenly sudden; abrupt; suddenly; abruptly	interstice; separate; between interstice; separate; between; among; space; (measure word)
trad. (突然間)		突然	間
simp. (突然间)		突然	间

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tūránjiān, túránjiān

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄖㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢ, ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dat⁶ jin⁴ gaan¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thut-yèn-kiên / thut-yàn-kiân
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tu̍t-jiân-kan / tu̍t-liân-kan / thu̍t-jiân-kan / thu̍t-liân-kan

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tūránjiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄖㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: turánjian
  - Wade–Giles: tʻu¹-jan²-chien¹
  - Yale: tū-rán-jyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: turanjian
  - Palladius: тужаньцзянь (tužanʹczjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu⁵⁵ ʐän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: túránjiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˊ ㄖㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: túránjian
  - Wade–Giles: tʻu²-jan²-chien¹
  - Yale: tú-rán-jyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twuranjian
  - Palladius: тужаньцзянь (tužanʹczjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu³⁵ ʐän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dat⁶ jin⁴ gaan¹
  - Yale: daht yìhn gāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dat⁹ jin⁴ gaan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ded⁶ yin⁴ gan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐt̚² jiːn²¹ kaːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thut-yèn-kiên
  - Hakka Romanization System: tud` ienˇ gien´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tud⁵ yan² gian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰut̚² i̯en¹¹ ki̯en²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thut-yàn-kiân
  - Hakka Romanization System: tud` (r)ianˇ gian´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tud⁵ yan² gian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰut̚² (j)i̯an¹¹ ki̯an²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tu̍t-jiân-kan
  - Tâi-lô: tu̍t-jiân-kan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dudjienkafn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tut̚⁴⁻³² ziɛn²³⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡ziɛn¹³⁻²² kan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tu̍t-liân-kan
  - Tâi-lô: tu̍t-liân-kan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dudlienkafn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tut̚²⁴⁻² liɛn²⁴⁻²² kan³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tut̚⁴⁻³² liɛn²⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tut̚⁴⁻³² liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Singapore): /tut̚⁴³⁻²¹ liɛn²⁴⁻²¹ kan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thu̍t-jiân-kan
  - Tâi-lô: thu̍t-jiân-kan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tudjienkafn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰut̚⁴⁻³² ziɛn²³⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thu̍t-liân-kan
  - Tâi-lô: thu̍t-liân-kan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tudlienkafn
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰut̚⁴⁻³² liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kan⁴⁴/

Adverb edit

突然間

suddenly
突然間又得咗 [Cantonese, trad.]
突然间又得咗 [Cantonese, simp.]
dat⁶ jin⁴ gaan¹ jau⁶ dak¹ zo² [Jyutping]
suddenly works again

Synonyms edit

一下 (yīxià)
一下子 (yīxiàzi)
一舉／一举 (yījǔ)
一頭／一头 (yītóu)
乍然 (zhàrán) (literary)
倏忽 (literary)
忽地 (hūdì)
忽然 (hūrán)
𢫦𢫦風／𢫦𢫦风 (Hakka)
暫／暂 (zàn) (literary)
猛 (měng)
猛然 (měngrán)
猝然 (cùrán)
突然 (tūrán)
豁然 (huòrán) (literary)
遽然 (jùrán) (literary)
陡 (dǒu) (literary, or in compounds)
陡然 (dǒurán)
霍然 (huòrán)
頓／顿 (literary)
頓然／顿然 (dùnrán)
驀地／蓦地
驀然／蓦然 (mòrán) (formal)
驟然／骤然 (zhòurán) (literary)

Dialectal synonyms of 突然 (“suddenly”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		突然, 忽然, 猝然
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		突然, 忽然, 猛然, 驀地, 乍然, 倏忽, 驟然, 猝然, 突然間, 冷不防, 一下, 一下子
Mandarin	Beijing	忽然間, 冒猛地, 冒猛子, 冒冷子, 乍猛地, 乍乍地, 乍麼實兒, 虎拉巴兒, 一下兒, 一下子
	Taiwan	突然, 忽然, 突然間, 忽然間
	Yangzhou	突乎其然
	Singapore	突然, 忽然, 突然間, 忽然間
Cantonese	Guangzhou	突然, 突然間, 突然之間, 失驚無神, 失驚忘神
	Hong Kong	突然, 突然間, 突然之間, 忽然, 忽然間, 忽然之間, 失驚無神, 失雞無神, 一下
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	忽然間
	Taishan	突然之間
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	突然
Gan	Nanchang	突然
Hakka	Meixian	玄工, 玄玄風, 突然
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	突然間, 忽然間
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	突然間, 忽然間
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	突然間, 忽然間
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	突然間, 忽然間
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	突然間, 忽然間
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	突然
	Hong Kong	陣時間
	Senai (Huiyang)	陣間
Northern Min	Jian'ou	臨陣, 三不臨陣
Southern Min	Xiamen	突然, 忽然, 暴其然, 無張無持, 無張持
	Quanzhou	突然, 忽然, 無張無持, 無張持
	Zhangzhou	突然, 忽然, 暴其然, 無張無持, 無張持, 喝一下
	Tainan	突然間, 忽然間, 雄雄, 無張持
	Penang (Hokkien)	雄險
	Singapore (Hokkien)	突然間, 忽然間
	Manila (Hokkien)	忽然間
	Shantou	突然
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	突然
Wu	Shanghai	著生頭裡, 著陌生頭, 著陌生裡, 著末生頭, 辣陌生頭, 辣末生頭, 辣末生裡, 冷陌生頭, 突然之間, 突然, 忽聲能
Wu	Wenzhou	單下

References edit

(Hokkien) “Entry #3920”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
(Hokkien) “Entry #8640”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.