窪む
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
| 窪 |
Etymology
Verb derived from noun 窪 / 凹 (kubo, “an indentation, a depression”) + verbalizing suffix ぶ (“becoming like [noun]”), with suffix ぶ mutating to む due to the preceding syllable ぼ.
Verb
窪む (intransitive, godan conjugation, hiragana くぼむ, romaji kubomu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "窪む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | Imperfective (未然形) | 窪ま | くぼま | kuboma |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuative (連用形) | 窪み | くぼみ | kubomi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 窪む | くぼむ | kubomu | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 窪む | くぼむ | kubomu | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 窪め | くぼめ | kubome | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 窪め | くぼめ | kubome | |
| Key constructions | Passive | 窪まれる | くぼまれる | kubomareru |
| Causative | 窪ませる 窪ます |
くぼませる くぼます |
kubomaseru kubomasu |
|
| Potential | 窪める | くぼめる | kubomeru | |
| Volitional | 窪もう | くぼもう | kubomō | |
| Negative | 窪まない | くぼまない | kubomanai | |
| Negative continuative | 窪まず | くぼまず | kubomazu | |
| Formal | 窪みます | くぼみます | kubomimasu | |
| Perfective | 窪んだ | くぼんだ | kubonda | |
| Conjunctive | 窪んで | くぼんで | kubonde | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 窪めば | くぼめば | kubomeba | |
Usage notes
The transitive form is 窪める / 凹める (くぼめる, kubomeru). Consequently, the potential form is the same as the passive form, くぼまれる, instead of くぼめる as shown in the table above.
The spelling 窪む is used more often for くぼむ, because the alternate spelling 凹む also does double duty as へこむ.