See also:
U+7FA8, 羨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FA8

[U+7FA7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7FA9]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 123, +7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿土水弓人 (TGENO), four-corner 80182, composition 𦍌)

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 952, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28503
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1396, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3134, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+7FA8

Chinese edit

trad. /*
simp. *

Glyph origin edit

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (sheep) + (saliva) – to envy.

may be interpreted as a beautiful sheep or good mutton (cf. “beautiful” and “good”).

The Kangxi Dictionary, following 《佩觿》, enters the word in etymology 2 as , separating it from (etymology 1). This is also followed by dictionaries such as Hanyu Da Cidian and Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, but Zhongwen Da Cidian disagrees with this treatment. (Hanyu Da Zidian regards as the main form of all pronunciations.) According to 《說文解字羣經正字》:

貪欲經典往往。郭忠恕《佩觿》江夏地名字書 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
贪欲经典往往。郭忠恕《佩觿》江夏地名字书 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: 《說文解字羣經正字》, quoted from Zhongwen Da Cidian
(Xiàn), tānyù yě, jīn jīngdiǎn wǎngwǎng zuò . Guō Zhōngshù “Pèixī” fēn (xiàn), (yí) wéi èr zì. Yí, yǐ zhī fān, Jiāngxià dìmíng; xiàn, sì miàn fān, mù yě. Fēi yě, zìshū wú cóng (cì) zhī zì, wéi yī zì ér shù yīn ěr. [Pinyin]
, meaning "to covet", is now frequently written as in the classics. Guo Zhongshu's Peixi distinguishes and as separate characters. , fanqie 以脂, name of a place in Jiangxia. , fanqie 似面, to desire. This is not the case. There's no such character with the element in character dictionaries. There is only one character but several pronunciations.

Etymology 1 edit

Possibly related to (OC *la, “surplus”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • Xiamen, Zhangzhou:
    • siān - literary;
    • soān - vernacular.
  • surname:
    • siān - Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou;
    • soān - Zhangzhou;
    • soan - Taiwan.
  • (Teochew)
  • Note:
    • iang6 - Shantou;
    • iêng6 - Chaozhou.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial () (17)
    Final () (77)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter zjenH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ziᴇnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ziɛnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /zjænH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /zianH/
    Li
    Rong
    /ziɛnH/
    Wang
    Li
    /zĭɛnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /zi̯ɛnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    xiàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    zin6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3 2/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    xiàn xiàn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ zjenH › ‹ zjenH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*s-N-qa[r]-s/ /*s-[ɢ]a[n]-s/
    English covet, desire surplus, affluence

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 13574
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ljans/
    Notes

    Definitions edit

    1. to envy; to admire
    2. superfluous; in surplus
    3. surplus; affluence
    4. to surpass; to exceed
    5. abundant; plentiful
    6. crooked; evil
    7. 10th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌏)
    8. a surname

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronunciation edit


    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (36)
    Final () (15)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter yij
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /jiɪ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ji/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /jɪ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ji/
    Li
    Rong
    /i/
    Wang
    Li
    /ji/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ji4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 13573
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*lel/
    Notes

    Definitions edit

    1. Only used in 沙羨沙羡 (“Shayi (county)”).

    Etymology 3 edit

    Pronunciation edit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    Initial () (36)
    Final () (77)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter yenH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /jiᴇnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /jiɛnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /jænH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /jianH/
    Li
    Rong
    /iɛnH/
    Wang
    Li
    /jĭɛnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /i̯ɛnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    yàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jin6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    yán
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ yen ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ɢ]a[n]/
    English extend; go forward

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 13575
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*lans/
    Notes

    Definitions edit

    1. Alternative form of (yán, to invite; to engage)
    2. Alternative form of (tomb passage)

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Korean edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC zjenH).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation edit

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰɘ(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 부러워할 (bureowohal seon))

    1. Hanja form? of (envy; envious).

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC yenH).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation edit

    Hanja edit

    (eumhun 무덤 (mudeomgil yeon))

    1. Hanja form? of (road to a grave).

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]