育

See also: 毓

育	U+80B2, 育 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80B2

← 肱
[U+80B1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

肳 →
[U+80B3]

育	U+2F982, 育 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F982

← 䏕
[U+2F981]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

脃 →
[U+2F983]

Translingual edit

Stroke order

Alternative forms edit

In Taiwan, the upper component of the character contains ⿻一厶 (3 strokes) while in other regions, the upper component contains ⿱亠厶 (4 strokes).
In Taiwan, the bottom component of the character contains ⺼ (meat radical) while in other regions, the bottom component contains ⺝ (similar to 月 but with a vertical left stroke).
The historical Kangxi dictionary records two character forms, ⿳亠厶⺝ (8 strokes) and ⿱⿻一厶⺝ (7 strokes). The alternative form with 7 strokes (page 974, character 10) is based on Zhengzitong which claims that it is the original form (本字 (běnzì)).
A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+2F982 for the alternative Taiwan form which contains ⿱亠厶 (4 strokes) as the upper component and ⺼ as the bottom component.

Han character edit

育 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3 in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 肉+4 in Chinese (mainland China, Hong Kong), Japanese and Korean, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 卜戈月 (YIB) or 大戈月 (KIB), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿳亠厶⺝(GHJKV) or ⿱⿻一厶⺼(T) or ⿳亠厶⺼(U+2F982))

Derived characters edit

俼, 唷, 堉, 㛩, 㥔, 𢯡, 淯, 𦝑, 棛, 𣨧, 焴, 㻙, 逳, 𥺞, 䋭, 蜟, 䘻, 𧶰, 𨂔, 𨌯, 𨡚, 𣫺, 錥(𫓾), 𩛭, 𩩣
𠾀, 𡡠, 徹, 撤, 澈, 𤢉, 㬚, 𦠣, 㯙, 瞮, 𦅄, 𦔞, 䒆, 𨅊, 轍(辙), 𩍒, 𦚯, 㣃, 𨟝
𠃴, 𪟆, 𨛼, 𫆡, 𣣎, 𣪟, 𮌫, 𨿾, 𫆽, 𬛠, 𫇄, 𦱀, 𤀷

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 976, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29318
Dae Jaweon: page 1427, character 27
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2052, character 5
Unihan data for U+80B2

Unihan data for U+2F982

Chinese edit

trad.		育
simp. ^#		育
alternative forms		毓𣫺袬𠫓

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 育
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (育) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
育	*luɡ
毓	*luɡ
棛	*luɡ
錥	*luɡ
焴	*luɡ
淯	*luɡ
蜟	*luɡ
堉	*luɡ
逳	*luɡ
蘛	*luɡ

A later alternative form of 毓 (yù). Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *luɡ) : semantic 𠫓 (“upside-down baby, being born”) + phonetic 肉 (OC *njuɡ).

See 毓 (yù) for the earlier glyph.

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yù (yu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): juk⁶, juk¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yuk

(Meixian, Guangdong): yug⁵
Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̆
Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̆k
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): io̍k / io

(Teochew, Peng'im): iog⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yù
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yù
  - Wade–Giles: yü⁴
  - Yale: yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
  - Palladius: юй (juj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: juk⁶, juk¹
  - Yale: yuhk, yūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: juk⁹, juk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yug⁶, yug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊk̚²/, /jʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: iug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯uk̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uk̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /iʊk̚¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̆
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̆k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
  - Tâi-lô: io̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io
  - Tâi-lô: io
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioy
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /io⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /io³³/

Note:

io̍k - literary;
io - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: iog⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: io̍k
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /iok̚⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 育
Mandarin	Beijing	/y⁵¹/
	Harbin	/y⁵³/
	Tianjin	/y⁵³/
	Jinan	/y²¹/
	Qingdao	/y⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/y³¹²/
	Xi'an	/y⁴⁴/
	Xining	/y²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/y¹³/
	Lanzhou	/y¹³/
	Ürümqi	/y²¹³/
	Wuhan	/iəu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/yo³¹/ /y³¹/
	Guiyang	/iu²¹/
	Kunming	/iu³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʐuʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/yəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/yəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/yʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/yəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦioʔ¹/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɦioʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/j̠ɤu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/iuʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/iu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʐəu²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/iəɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/ȵiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/iuk̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʒɔk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jok̚²/
	Nanning	/juk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/juk̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/iɔk̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/yʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/y²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/iok̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/zok̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: yuwk

Rime
Character	育
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余六切
Baxter	yuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juwk̚/
Li Rong	/iuk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	juk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-quk/

(Zhengzhang): /*luɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	育
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ yuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-quk/
English	breed, produce
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	育
Reading #	1/1
No.	15984
Phonetic component	育
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	育
Old Chinese	/*luɡ/
Notes	說文肉聲非，實毓右隸變