U+80BA, 肺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80BA

[U+80B9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+80BB]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
Japan
 
(For Chinese,
skip
stroke 5
and
draw
stroke 9
so as
to cover
both strokes 5 and 9.
)

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 130, +4 in Chinese, 肉+5 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 月十月 (BJB) or 月卜中月 (BYLB), four-corner 75227, composition 巿(GHTKV) or (J))

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 976, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29328
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1428, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2047, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+80BA

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *pʰobs): semantic (meat; flesh) + phonetic 巿 (OC *pub).

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p-wap (lung).

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • Sixian:
    • fi - literary;
    • hi - vernacular.
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taiwan:
      • hì - vernacular;
      • hùi - literary.
  • (Teochew)
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /fei⁵¹/
    Harbin /fei⁵³/
    Tianjin /fei⁵³/
    Jinan /fei²¹/
    Qingdao /fe⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /fi³¹²/
    Xi'an /fi⁴⁴/
    Xining /fɨ²¹³/
    Yinchuan /fei¹³/
    Lanzhou /fei¹³/
    Ürümqi /fei²¹³/
    Wuhan /fei³⁵/
    Chengdu /fei¹³/
    Guiyang /fei²²¹³/
    Kunming /fei²¹²/
    Nanjing /fəi⁴⁴/
    Hefei /fe⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /fei⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /xuei³⁵/
    Hohhot /fei⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /fi³⁵/
    Suzhou /fi⁵¹³/
    Hangzhou /fi⁴⁴⁵/
    Wenzhou /fei⁴²/
    Hui Shexian /fe³²⁴/
    Tunxi /fe⁴²/
    Xiang Changsha /fei⁵⁵/
    Xiangtan /ɸəi⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /fɨi⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /fi⁵³/
    Taoyuan /fui⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐi³³/
    Nanning /fɐi³³/
    Hong Kong /fɐi³³/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hui²¹/
    /hi²¹/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hiɛ²¹²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xi³³/
    Shantou (Teochew) /hui²¹³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /hui³⁵/
    /fɔi³⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (2)
    Final () (28)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter phjojH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /pʰʉɐiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /pʰʷiɐiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /pʰiuɐiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /pʰuajH/
    Li
    Rong
    /pʰiuɐiH/
    Wang
    Li
    /pʰĭwɐiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /pʰi̯wɐiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    fèi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    fai3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    fèi
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ phjojH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*pʰo[t]-s/
    English lung

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3293
    Phonetic
    component
    巿
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*pʰobs/
    Notes

    Definitions edit

    1. (anatomy) lung
    Synonyms edit

    Compounds edit

    Descendants edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronunciation edit



    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    pèi
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ phajH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*pʰˁ[a][t]-s/
    English dense, luxuriant (foliage)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

    Definitions edit

    1. Only used in 肺肺.

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. lung

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Kanji in this term
    はい
    Grade: 6
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese (MC phjojH)

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (はい) (hai

    1. (anatomy) lung
    Synonyms edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    ふくふくし
    Grade: 6
    kun’yomi

    /pukupukusi//ɸukuɸusi/.

    From Old Japanese.

    Pronunciation edit

    • IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝɸɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝɕi]

    Noun edit

    (ふくふくし) (fukufukushi

    1. (obsolete, anatomy) lung
      • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 68:
        心肺 々音辨 々訓布々久々之
        Heart Lung. Lung pronunciation is divided. Divided reading Pukupukusi.
      • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 35:
        肺 白虎通云 音廢 布久布久之 [...] 金之精也 色白 [...] 肺藏也 [...]
        Lung. Said to be white tigers pipe. This pronunciation is obsolete: Pukupukusi. [...] (please add a translation of the rest of this usage example)

    References edit

    1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
    2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Etymology edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC phjojH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 폥〮 (Yale: phyéy)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 부〮화 (Yale: pwúhwà) 폐〯 (Yale: phyěy)

    Pronunciation edit

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰje̞(ː)] ~ [pʰe̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)/(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 허파 (heopa pye))

    1. Hanja form? of (lungs). [noun]

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: phế, phổi, chị, phễ

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.