See also: , , and
U+80E1, 胡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80E1

[U+80E0]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+80E2]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 130, +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十口月 (JRB), four-corner 47620, composition (GJKV) or (HT))

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 979, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29400
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1431, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2056, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+80E1

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡaː): phonetic (OC *kaːʔ) + semantic .

Etymology 1 edit

trad.
simp. #
"dewlap"
A derivative is (“beard”) (Schuessler, 2007).
"steppe nomads"
Etymology unknown (Schuessler, 2007).
interrogative word ("what; why; how")
Cognate with (OC *ɡaːl, “what; where; why; how”), Tibetan ག་ན (ga na, where; how), Tibetan ག་རུ (ga ru, to where) (Schuessler, 2007). See () for more.

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • ô͘ - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • hô͘ - literary.
Note:
  • hu5 - literary;
  • ou5 - surname.
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (33)
    Final () (23)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter hu
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦuo/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦuo/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣo/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦɔ/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣo/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɣuo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    wu4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ hu ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ɡ]ˁa/
    English foreigners in the north

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 4255
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡaː/

    Definitions edit

    1. (obsolete) wattle; dewlap (fleshy lobe hanging from the head or neck of animals)
    2. (obsolete) wattle-like object, such as pendent parts on implements
    3. (literary) how; why; what
    4. (historical) barbarian; a generic term for any non-Han peoples who lived to the north and west of China's borders
        ―  rén  ―  foreigner
    5. (historical) countries and peoples in the Western Regions, including Persia, Daqin, and in Pre-Tang texts, India
    6. (by extension) introduced from the northern or western non-Han peoples or from abroad; non-Chinese; foreign; imported
        ―  táo  ―  walnut
      蘿蔔萝卜  ―  luóbo  ―  carrot
    7. Short for 胡琴 (húqín, “huqin; general term for two-stringed bowed instruments with origins in the western non-Han peoples”).
        ―  èr  ―  erhu
        ―  bǎn  ―  banhu
    8. (historical) () State of Hu in the Spring and Autumn Period in modern-day Anhui, conquered by the State of Chu in 496 BCE
    9. (obsolete) black; dark-skinned
    10. (obsolete) far; great; senior
    11. outrageously; recklessly; wildly; foolishly
        ―  shuō  ―  to talk nonsense
        ―  gǎo  ―  to mess around
    12. a surname
        ―  Jǐntāo  ―  Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China from 2002 to 2012
    Synonyms edit
    • (why):
    • (barbarian): (fān)
    Descendants edit
    • English: Hu, Hoo, Wu, Woo, Oh
    Compounds edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“beard; moustache; whiskers”).
    (This character is the simplified form of ).
    Notes:

    Etymology 3 edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see .
    (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of ).
    Notes:

    Etymology 4 edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“garlic”).
    (This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
    Notes:

    Etymology 5 edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see .
    (This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
    Notes:

    Etymology 6 edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“butterfly”).
    (This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
    Notes:

    Etymology 7 edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“congee; rice gruel; porridge; to eat gruel to allay one's hunger; etc.”).
    (This character is the second-round simplified form of ).
    Notes:

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    (ho) (hangeul , revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: hồ, , ha

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.