See also:
U+8352, 荒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8352

[U+8351]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8353]

U+FAB3, 荒
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAB3

[U+FAB2]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FAB4]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 140, +6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜女山 (TYVU), four-corner 44211, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1031, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30953
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1490, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3209, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8352

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms
𮎰
𠃤
𠯚
𦮋

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs): semantic (grass, plant) + phonetic (OC *hmaːŋ). Note: The middle part could be found as instead of .

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma (not). Cognate with (OC *maŋ, “to disappear”). The voiceless initial is possibly from the devoicing effect of an early (i.e. Proto-Sino-Tibetan) causative prefix *s- on (i.e. PST *s-maŋ > *hmaŋ > Middle Chinese hwɑŋ) which was subsequently lost.

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • hong - literary;
  • hng/huiⁿ - vernacular.
Note:
  • huang1 - literary;
  • hng1 - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (32) (32)
Final () (102) (102)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division () I I
Fanqie
Baxter xwang xwangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/hwɑŋ/ /hwɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/hʷɑŋ/ /hʷɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/xuɑŋ/ /xuɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hwaŋ/ /hwaŋH/
Li
Rong
/xuɑŋ/ /xuɑŋH/
Wang
Li
/xuɑŋ/ /xuɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xwɑŋ/ /xwɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
huāng huàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fong1 fong3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
huāng
Middle
Chinese
‹ xwang ›
Old
Chinese
/*m̥ˁaŋ/
English wasteland; uncultivated land

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 12649 12659
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hmaːŋ/ /*hmaːŋs/

Definitions edit

  1. wasteland; uncultivated land; desert
  2. uncultivated; barren; desolate
  3. unreasonable; absurd

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. uncultivated, wild
  2. desolate, barren

Readings edit

Korean edit

Etymology 1 edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun 거칠 (geochil hwang))

  1. rough; sparse; wild

Etymology 2 edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun 공허할 (gongheohal gang))

  1. empty, blank

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: hoang, hoăng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.