See also:
U+84CB, 蓋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-84CB

[U+84CA]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+84CC]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 140, +10, 14 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 13 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿土戈廿 (TGIT), four-corner 44107, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1051, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31652
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1513, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3260, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+84CB

Chinese edit

trad.
simp.
alternative forms


Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb): semantic (grass) + phonetic (OC *ɡaːb) — a thatch.

is the original character for the “cover” sense. However, because this original character was borrowed to mean “why not”, the scope of senses for expanded to include the “cover” sense (and its extended meanings).

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation 1 edit


Note: Erhua-ed pronunciation - only the noun senses.
Note: koi3 - only the non-common-noun senses.
Note:
  • kah - vernacular (“to cover”);
  • kòa - vernacular (noun);
  • kài - literary.
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gai3 / gua3 / kam3 / koin3 / gah4
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kài / kuà / khàm / khòiⁿ / kah
    • Sinological IPA (key): /kai²¹³/, /kua²¹³/, /kʰam²¹³/, /kʰõĩ²¹³/, /kaʔ²/
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (25)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter kajH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kɑiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kɑiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kɑiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kajH/
    Li
    Rong
    /kɑiH/
    Wang
    Li
    /kɑiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /kɑiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    gài
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    goi3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    gài
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ kajH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[k]ˁap-s/
    English cover (v.); cover (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 5069
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kaːbs/
    Definitions edit

    1. to cover; to conceal
      [Hokkien]  ―  kah-phōe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to put on a blanket
    2. (figurative) to cover up; to conceal
    3. (Southern Min) to put on; to apply
    4. to stamp; to affix (a seal)
    5. to overwhelm; to surpass
    6. to build; to construct
      房子房子  ―  gài fángzi  ―  to build a house
    7. to talk nonsense; to chatter; to brag; to boast; to bluff
    8. cover; cap; lid
    9. shell (of a turtle, crab, etc.)
    10. thatch; straw mat
    11. canopy
    12. (dialectal) excellent; fantastic
    13. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Southern Sixian Hakka) very
    14. probably; roughly
    15. for; because
    16. a surname
    Synonyms edit
    Compounds edit
    See also edit
    Descendants edit
    • Japanese: 蓋し (kedashi) (calque)

    Pronunciation 2 edit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial () (33)
    Final () (144)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter hap
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦɑp̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦɑp̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦap̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    hap6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ hap ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*m-[k]ˁap/
    English thatch, cover (v.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 5083
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡaːb/
    Definitions edit

    1. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, to cover; to join together; thatch)
    2. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, door leaf)

    Etymology 2 edit

     
    Wikipedia has an article on:

    Pronunciation edit


    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (144)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter kap
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kɑp̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kɑp̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kɑp̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kap̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /kɑp̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /kɑp̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /kɑp̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    ge
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gap3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 5075
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kaːb/

    Definitions edit

    1. () (historical) Ge (a city in the ancient state of Qi in modern-day Yishui County, Shandong)
    2. a surname

    Etymology 3 edit

    Pronunciation edit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial () (33)
    Final () (144)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter hap
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦɑp̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦɑp̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦap̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɣɑp̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    hap6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 5083
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡaːb/

    Definitions edit

    1. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, how; why)
    2. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, why not)

    Etymology 4 edit

     
    Wikipedia has an article on:

    Pronunciation edit


    Note:
    • khap - vernacular;
    • kap - literary.

    Definitions edit

    1. Alternative form of (to cover)

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. cover
    2. lid
    3. flap

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Etymology edit

    Kanji in this term
    ふた
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE to phonetically spell Mount Futagami as 蓋上山. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *pota.

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (ふた) or (フタ) (futa

    1. lid; cap; cover; (malacology) operculum
      (はこ)ふたhako no futabox lid
      ビンの(ふた)bin no futacap of a bottle

    References edit

    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    (eumhun 덮을 (deopeul gae))

    1. Hanja form? of (cover).

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: cái

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.