虺

See also: 蝰

虺	U+867A, 虺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-867A

← 虹
[U+8679]

CJK Unified Ideographs

虻 →
[U+867B]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

虺 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一山中一戈 (MULMI), four-corner 1521₃, composition ⿺兀虫)

Derived characters edit

𣸀, 𩄁

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1077, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32833
Dae Jaweon: page 1545, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2834, character 15
Unihan data for U+867A

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		虺
alternative forms		虫 ancient 螝𩗝𡯥𧉇

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (兀) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
虺	hŋuːl, hŋruːl, *hŋlulʔ
豗	*hŋuːl
鼿	hŋuːl, ŋuːd
虫	*hŋlulʔ
髡	*ŋ̊ʰuːn
軏	ŋod, ŋuːd
扤	ŋod, ŋuːd
兀	*ŋuːd
杌	*ŋuːd
屼	*ŋuːd
矹	*ŋluːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋuːl, *hŋruːl, *hŋlulʔ) : phonetic 兀 (OC *ŋuːd) + semantic 虫.

Etymology edit

“venomous snake”: From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”). Cognate with Tibetan སྦྲུལ (sbrul), Japhug qapri, Chepang रु (ru), Burmese မြွေ (mrwe), S'gaw Karen ဂုၢ် (ghu̱).

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huǐ (hui³)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): húi

(Teochew, Peng'im): hui²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huěi
  - Wade–Giles: hui³
  - Yale: hwěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoei
  - Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wai²
  - Yale: wái
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai²
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: húi
  - Tâi-lô: huí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hui⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hui⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hui²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: húi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui⁵²/

Middle Chinese: xjw+jX

Rime
Character	虺
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許偉切
Baxter	xjw+jX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hʉi^X/
Pan Wuyun	/hʷɨi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/xiuəi^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huj^X/
Li Rong	/xiuəi^X/
Wang Li	/xĭwəi^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/xwe̯i^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fai²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r̥]u[j]ʔ/, /*r̥u[j]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*hŋlulʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	虺	虺
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huǐ	huǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ xjwɨj^X ›	‹ xjwɨj^X ›
Old Chinese	/[r̥]u[j]ʔ/ (W dialect: r̥- > MC x-)	/r̥u[j]ʔ/ (W dialect: r̥- > MC x-)
English	snake-brood	sound of thunder
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	虺
Reading #	3/3
No.	13193
Phonetic component	兀
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	虺
Old Chinese	/*hŋlulʔ/

Definitions edit

虺

(Chinese mythology) venomous snake
- 吉夢維何、
  維熊維羆、
  維虺維蛇。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  吉梦维何、
  维熊维罴、
  维虺维蛇。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Jí mèng wéi hé,
  Wéi xióng wéi pí,
  Wéi huǐ wéi shé. [Pinyin]
  What dreams are lucky?
  They have been about black bears and brown bears,
  They have been about asps and adders.
(Waxiang) snake

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 蛇 (“snake”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		蛇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蛇
Taxonomic name		蛇
Mandarin	Beijing	蛇, 長蟲
	Taiwan	蛇
	Tianjin	長蟲
	Chengde	長蟲
	Tangshan	蛇, 長蟲
	Cangzhou	長蟲
	Baoding	長蟲
	Shijiazhuang	長蟲
	Ulanhot	長蟲
	Tongliao	長蟲
	Chifeng	蛇, 長蟲
	Bayanhot	蛇
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	蛇, 長蟲, 大蟲
	Heihe	蛇, 長蟲
	Qiqihar	蛇, 長蟲
	Harbin	蛇, 長蟲
	Jiamusi	蛇, 長蟲
	Baicheng	蛇, 長蟲
	Changchun	長蟲
	Tonghua	長蟲
	Shenyang	蛇, 長蟲
	Dandong	蛇, 長蟲
	Jinzhou	蛇, 長蟲
	Dalian	長蟲
	Yantai	長蟲
	Yantai (Muping)	長蟲
	Qingdao	長蟲
	Lijin	長蟲
	Zhucheng	長蟲
	Jinan	長蟲, 蛇
	Jining	長蟲
	Luoyang	長蟲
	Wanrong	蛇
	Shangqiu	蛇, 長蟲
	Yuanyang	蛇
	Zhengzhou	長蟲
	Lingbao	蛇, 長蟲
	Xinyang	長蟲
	Baihe	蛇, 長蟲
	Hanzhong	蛇, 長蟲
	Xi'an	蛇, 長蟲
	Baoji	長蟲
	Yinchuan	蛇, 長蟲
	Tianshui	蛇, 長蟲
	Lanzhou	蛇, 長蟲
	Dunhuang	蛇, 長蟲
	Xining	蛇
	Hami	長蟲
	Ürümqi	長蟲, 蛇
	Wuhan	蛇, 長蟲
	Yichang	蛇
	Xiangyang	蛇, 長蟲
	Tianmen	蛇
	Hong'an	蛇
	Chengdu	蛇, 梭老二, 長蟲
	Nanchong	蛇
	Dazhou	長蟲
	Hanyuan	蛇
	Xichang	蛇
	Zigong	蛇
	Chongqing	蛇, 螂雞兒
	Guiyang	老蛇
	Zunyi	蛇
	Bijie	老蛇
Liping	蛇
Zhaotong	老梭
Dali	蛇
Kunming	蛇, 長蟲
Mengzi	蛇
Guilin	蛇
Liuzhou	蛇, 溜子 dated
Jishou	蛇
Changde	蛇
Anqing	蛇
Xuzhou	蛇, 長蟲
Fuyang	蛇
Wuhu	蛇
Yangzhou	蛇
Lianyungang	蛇, 長蟲
Lianshui	蛇
Nanjing	蛇兒, 蛇
Hefei	蛇
Nantong	蛇, 長蟲
Malaysia	蛇
Singapore	蛇
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	蛇
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蛇
	Hong Kong	蛇
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	蛇
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	蛇
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	蛇
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	蛇
	Macau	蛇
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	蛇
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	蛇
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	蛇
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	蛇
	Foshan	蛇
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	蛇
	Foshan (Shunde)	蛇
	Foshan (Sanshui)	蛇
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	蛇
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	蛇
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	蛇
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	蛇
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	蛇
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蛇
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	蛇
	Taishan	蛇
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蛇
	Enping (Niujiang)	蛇
	Heshan (Yayao)	蛇
	Dongguan	蛇
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	蛇
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	蛇
	Shaoguan	蛇
	Yunfu	蛇
	Yangjiang	蛇
	Xinyi	蛇
	Lianjiang	蛇
	Nanning	蛇
	Wuzhou	蛇
	Yulin	蛇, 長蟲
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	蛇
	Danzhou	蛇
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	蛇
	Singapore (Guangfu)	蛇
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	蛇
Gan	Nanchang	蛇
	Lichuan	蛇
	Pingxiang	蛇
Hakka	Meixian	蛇哥
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	蛇, 蛇哥
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	蛇
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	蛇
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	蛇
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	蛇
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	蛇
	Wuhua (Changbu)	蛇
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	蛇
	Conghua (Lütian)	蛇
	Jiexi	蛇
	Luhe	蛇
	Yudu	蛇
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	蛇哥
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	蛇哥
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	蛇, 蛇哥
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	蛇, 蛇哥
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	蛇
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	蛇
	Hong Kong	蛇哥
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	蛇
	Sabah (Longchuan)	蛇哥, 蛇
	Senai (Huiyang)	蛇
	Singkawang	蛇
Huizhou	Jixi	蛇
	Shexian	蛇
	Tunxi	蛇
	Xiuning	蛇
	Yixian	蛇
	Qimen	蛇
	Wuyuan	蛇
	Fuliang	蛇
	Dexing	蛇
Jin	Taiyuan	蛇
	Pingyao	蛇
	Yangyuan	蛇
	Datong	蛇, 皮條
	Xinzhou	蛇
	Lishi	蛇
	Linfen	蛇
	Changzhi	蛇, 長蟲
	Taibus (Baochang)	蛇
	Linhe	蛇, 長蟲
	Jining	蛇
	Hohhot	蛇
	Baotou	蛇
	Dongsheng	蛇
	Haibowan	蛇
	Erenhot	蛇
	Pingshan	長蟲
	Zhangjiakou	蛇, 長蟲
	Handan	蛇, 長蟲
	Linzhou	蛇
	Suide	蛇
Northern Min	Jian'ou	蛇
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	蛇
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	蛇
	Pucheng (Shibei)	蛇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	老蛇, 蛇
	Changle	老蛇
	Fuqing	老蛇
	Yongtai	老蛇
	Gutian	老蛇
	Fu'an	老蛇
	Ningde	老蛇
	Shouning	老蛇
	Zhouning	老蛇
	Fuding	老蛇
	Matsu	老蛇
Southern Min	Xiamen	蛇
	Quanzhou	蛇
	Jinjiang	蛇
	Yongchun	蛇
	Zhangzhou	蛇
	Dongshan	蛇
	Taipei	蛇
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	蛇
	Kaohsiung	蛇
	Yilan	蛇
	Changhua (Lukang)	蛇
	Taichung	蛇
	Taichung (Wuqi)	蛇
	Tainan	蛇
	Taitung	蛇
	Hsinchu	蛇
	Kinmen	蛇
	Penghu (Magong)	蛇
	Penang (Hokkien)	蛇
	Singapore (Hokkien)	蛇
	Manila (Hokkien)	蛇
	Medan (Hokkien)	蛇
	Zhangping	蛇
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	蛇
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	蛇
	Chaozhou	蛇
	Raoping	蛇
	Shantou	蛇
	Bangkok (Teochew)	蛇
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	蛇
	Singapore (Teochew)	蛇
	Leizhou	蛇
	Wenchang	蛇
	Haikou	蛇
Puxian Min	Putian	大蛇, 蛇
Puxian Min	Xianyou	老蛇
Central Min	Yong'an	蛇
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	蛇
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	蛇
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	蛇
Shehua	Fu'an	老蛇
	Fuding	蛇
	Luoyuan	蛇
	Sanming	蛇
	Shunchang	蛇
	Hua'an	蛇
	Guixi (Zhangping)	蛇
	Cangnan	蛇
	Jingning	蛇
	Lishui	蛇
	Longyou	蛇
	Chaozhou	蛇
	Fengshun	蛇
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	虺
	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	虺
	Luxi (Baisha)	虺
Wu	Shanghai	蛇, 水蛇
	Shanghai (Chongming)	蛇
	Suzhou	蛇
	Wuxi	蛇
	Danyang	蛇
	Hangzhou	蛇
	Ningbo	蛇
	Wenzhou	蛇
	Jinhua	蛇
Xiang	Changsha	蛇, 溜子, 臭溜子
	Xiangtan	蛇
	Loudi	蛇
	Shuangfeng	蛇, 溜子
	Quanzhou	蛇

Compounds edit

Pronunciation 2 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huī (hui¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fui¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hoe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huī
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huei
  - Wade–Giles: hui¹
  - Yale: hwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huei
  - Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fui¹
  - Yale: fūi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fui¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuːi̯⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoe
  - Tâi-lô: hue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoef
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hue³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: xweaj, xwoj

Rime
Character	虺	虺
Reading #	1/3	2/3
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	皆 (34)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	呼懷切	呼恢切
Baxter	xweaj	xwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠuɛi/	/huʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/hʷᵚæi/	/huoi/
Shao Rongfen	/xuɐi/	/xuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwəɨj/	/hwəj/
Li Rong	/xuɛi/	/xuᴀi/
Wang Li	/xwɐi/	/xuɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/xwăi/	/xuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huāi	huī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faai¹	fui¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r̥]ˤu[j]/

(Zhengzhang): /*hŋuːl/, /*hŋruːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	虺
Reading #	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huī
Middle Chinese	‹ xwoj ›
Old Chinese	/[r̥]ˁu[j]/ (W dialect: r̥- > MC x-)
English	exhausted, weary
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	虺	虺
Reading #	1/3	2/3
No.	13189	13192
Phonetic component	兀	兀
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	灰	虺
Old Chinese	/*hŋuːl/	/*hŋruːl/