U+871C, 蜜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-871C

[U+871B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+871D]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 142, +8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十心竹戈 (JPHI), four-corner 30136, composition )

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1085, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33143
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1553, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2866, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+871C

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𧖅

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *mliɡ): phonetic (OC *mriɡ, *mliɡ) + semantic (insect).

Etymology edit

Possibly from Proto-Tocharian *ḿətə, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (mead). Cognate with Tocharian B mit (honey), English mead, German Met (mead), Swedish mjöd (mead), Sanskrit मधु (madhu, honey), Greek μέθη (méthi, drunkenness), Polish miód (honey), Russian мёд (mjod, honey), Old Church Slavonic медъ (medŭ, honey).

Sense “mistress, young girl” is additionally a phono-semantic matching of English miss.

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • bhig8 - vernacular;
  • mig8 - literary.
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (4)
    Final () (48)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter mjit
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /miɪt̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /mit̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /mjet̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /mit̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /miĕt̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /mĭĕt̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /mi̯ĕt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    mat6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ mjit ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*mit/
    English honey

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 594
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*mliɡ/

    Definitions edit

    1. honey
        ―  fēng  ―  honey
        ―  fēng  ―  honeybee
    2. the colour of honey; honey-coloured
        ―    ―  colour of honey
    3. beeswax
        ―  zhú  ―  candle
    4. (dialectal Cantonese) bee; honeybee
    5. sweet
        ―  tián  ―  sweet, happy
        ―  shuǐtáo  ―  honey peach
      甜言甜言  ―  tiányán  ―  sweet words and honeyed phrases; cajolery
    6. mistress, young girl
        ―  xiǎo  ―  mistress
        ―  guī  ―  female friend (of female)

    Synonyms edit

    Descendants edit

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (みつ) (mitsu)
    • Okinawan: (みち) (michi)
    • Korean: 밀(蜜) (mil)
    • Vietnamese: mật ()

    Compounds edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Kanji in this term
    みつ
    Grade: S
    goon

    /mitɨ//mitʉ//mit͡su/

    From Middle Chinese (MC mjit).

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (みつ) (mitsu

    1. honey
    2. nectar
    3. molasses, treacle, syrup
      Synonym: 糖蜜 (tōmitsu)
    4. Short for 蜜砂糖 (mitsuzatō): brown sugar
    Derived terms edit

    Affix edit

    (みつ) (mitsu

    1. honey, nectar
    2. sweet
    3. Used in Sanskrit transliterations
    Derived terms edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    みち
    Grade: S
    goon

    /mitɨ//mit͡ɕi/

    Alternative reading of mitsu above.

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (みち) (michi

    1. (rare) Same as みつ (mitsu) above
    Usage notes edit

    Only used on its own. Not used in compounds.

    References edit

    1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Etymology edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC mjit). See the Hangul entry at (mil, beeswax) for the etymology concerning the “beeswax” sense.

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 미ᇙ〮 (Yale: mílq)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] ᄭᅮᆯ〮 (Yale: skwúl) 밀〮 (Yale: míl)

    Pronunciation edit

    • (honey):
    • (beeswax):
      • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mi(ː)ɭ]
      • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
        • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun (kkul mil))

    1. Hanja form? of (beeswax). [noun]
    2. Hanja form? of (honey). [affix]

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    Okinawan edit

    Kanji edit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings edit

    Etymology edit

    From Middle Chinese (miɪt̚).

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (みち) (michi

    1. honey

    Vietnamese edit

    chữ Hán Nôm in this term

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: mật

    Noun edit

    1. chữ Hán form of mật (honey).