See also: and 西
U+9149, 酉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9149

[U+9148]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+914A]
U+2FA3, ⾣
KANGXI RADICAL WINE

[U+2FA2]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FA4]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 164, +0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一金田一 (MCWM), four-corner 10600, composition 西)

  1. Kangxi radical #164, .

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1280, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39763
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1778, character 36
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3572, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9149

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
                   

Pictogram (象形) — an ancient vase used in making and storing fermented millet alcoholic drink. See .

Etymology edit

"wine; wine vessel"
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *jəw (liquor) (STEDT); cognate with (OC *ʔsluʔ, “wine”).
"tenth earthly branch"
Smith (2011) suggests that this branch denoted the "waxing half-moon", "construed as a vessel filling with liquid". Noting Schuessler (2007)'s observation that (yǒu)'s OC pronunciation started with *r-, Smith reconstructs *r-juʔ which would later lost its archaic pre-initial *r-, the same phonological split seen in pairs like (OC) ~ (OC *ju, “to flow, to roam”) > yóu vs. (OC *r-ju, “flow”) > liú. Smith further supposes that *r-juʔ, is an endoactive derivative of *r-ju "flow" by the suffix *-ʔ, meaning "the flowing stage".
As for (yǒu)'s association with the chicken, Norman (1985) proposes that Chinese and Thai forms derived from Viet-Muong *rə̆k ~ *ruk, truncated from Proto-Vietic *r-kaː (chicken), yet Ferlus (2013) thinks this correspondence unlikely. Possibly, (yǒu) was arbitrarily associated with the chicken, just like (chén) with the dragon.
“unitary”
From English unitary.

Pronunciation edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (36)
Final () (136)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter yuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jɨuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/jiuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/iəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/juwX/
Li
Rong
/iuX/
Wang
Li
/jĭəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯ə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yǒu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jau5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yǒu yǒu yǒu
Middle
Chinese
‹ yuwX › ‹ yuwX › ‹ yuwX ›
Old
Chinese
/*N-ruʔ/ /*N-ruʔ/ /*N-ruʔ/
English 10th earthly branch wine old

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 15583
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*luʔ/

Definitions edit

  1. an alcoholic drink vessel
  2. tenth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
  3. rooster () of Chinese zodiac
  4. the period from 17:00 to 19:00
  5. (mathematics) unitary

Coordinate terms edit

Usage notes edit

Although it remains associated with alcoholic drink, the character alone is mostly used as the tenth earthly branch in the Chinese cyclical calendar.

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. "sake" radical (さけづぐり)
  2. "bird of the zodiac" radical (ひよみのとり, とりへん)
  3. rooster (tenth sign of the Chinese zodiac)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
とり
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

From (niwatori, tori, chicken), from (niwa, garden) + (tori, bird).

Pronunciation edit

Proper noun edit

(とり) (Tori

  1. the Rooster, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
ゆう
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (yuwX).

Proper noun edit

(ゆう) (いう (iu)?

  1. the Rooster, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun /열째 지지 (dak/yeoljjae jiji yu))

  1. hen,
  2. full
  3. old; ancient
  4. irrigate

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: dấu, dậu, giấu, giậu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.