Japanese
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Etymology 1
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For pronunciation and definitions of 酷い – see the following entry.
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(This term, 酷い, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
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Etymology 2
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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
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Adjective
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酷い • (mugoi) -i (adverbial 酷く (mugoku))
- horrible
- cruel
- あれは実に酷い事件だった。
- Are wa jitsu ni mugoi jiken datta.
- That was a really cruel incident.
Inflection
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Stem forms
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Imperfective (未然形)
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酷かろ
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むごかろ
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mugokaro
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Continuative (連用形)
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酷く
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むごく
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mugoku
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Terminal (終止形)
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酷い
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むごい
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mugoi
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Attributive (連体形)
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酷い
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むごい
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mugoi
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Hypothetical (仮定形)
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酷けれ
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むごけれ
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mugokere
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Imperative (命令形)
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酷かれ
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むごかれ
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mugokare
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Key constructions
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Informal negative
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酷くない
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むごくない
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mugoku nai
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Informal past
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酷かった
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むごかった
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mugokatta
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Informal negative past
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酷くなかった
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むごくなかった
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mugoku nakatta
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Formal
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酷いです
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むごいです
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mugoi desu
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Formal negative
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酷くないです
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むごくないです
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mugoku nai desu
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Formal past
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酷かったです
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むごかったです
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mugokatta desu
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Formal negative past
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酷くなかったです
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むごくなかったです
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mugoku nakatta desu
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Conjunctive
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酷くて
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むごくて
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mugokute
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Conditional
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酷ければ
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むごければ
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mugokereba
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Provisional
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酷かったら
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むごかったら
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mugokattara
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Volitional
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酷かろう
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むごかろう
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mugokarō
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Adverbial
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酷く
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むごく
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mugoku
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Degree
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酷さ
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むごさ
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mugosa
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See also
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References
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- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN