鯊

See also: 鲨

鯊 U+9BCA, 鯊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BCA ← 鯉 [U+9BC9] CJK Unified Ideographs 鯋 → [U+9BCB]

Translingual

Han character

鯊 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+7, 18 strokes, cangjie input 水竹弓田火 (EHNWF), four-corner 3933₆, composition ⿱沙魚)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1471, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46186
• Dae Jaweon: page 2003, character 37
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4693, character 2
• Unihan data for U+9BCA

Chinese

trad.		鯊
simp.		鲨
alternative forms		鯋 魦／𫚌

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (沙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
硰	*ʔsaːlʔ, *sʰaːlʔ, *sraːl
娑	*saːl, *saːlʔ
挱	*saːl, *sraːl
挲	*saːl
桫	*saːl
渻	*saːl, *sreŋʔ, *seŋʔ
沙	*sraːl, *sraːls
紗	*sraːl
砂	*sraːl
鯊	*sraːl
裟	*sraːl
桬	*sraːl
髿	*sraːl, *soːl
魦	*sraːl, *soːl
莎	*soːl
莏	*soːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːl) : phonetic 沙 (OC *sraːl, *sraːls) + semantic 魚 (“fish”).

Etymology

“shark”

so named as its crude skin similar to sand (沙 (shā)).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shā (sha¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saa¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sâ
• Eastern Min (BUC): săi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): soa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sua¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹so

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shā
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sha
    • Wade–Giles: sha¹
    • Yale: shā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sha
    • Palladius: ша (ša)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂä⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: saa¹
    • Yale: sā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sa¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâ
    • Hakka Romanization System: sa´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sa¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sa²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: săi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soa
    • Tâi-lô: sua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soaf
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sua³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sua⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sua¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sua
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sua³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹so
    • MiniDict: so^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹so
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /so⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: srae

Rime
Character	鯊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	所加切
Baxter	srae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃa/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂaɨ/
Li Rong	/ʃa/
Wang Li	/ʃa/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saa1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sraːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鯊
Reading #	1/1
No.	11028
Phonetic component	沙
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	鯊
Old Chinese	/*sraːl/
Notes	見爾雅：鮀

Definitions

鯊

1. ^† a kind of small fish

   Synonym: 鮀／𬶍 (tuó)

2. shark

Compounds

• 公牛鯊／公牛鲨 (gōngniúshā)
• 大白鯊／大白鲨 (dàbáishā)
• 姥鯊／姥鲨 (lǎoshā)
• 星鯊／星鲨
• 虎鯊／虎鲨
• 豆腐鯊／豆腐鲨 (dòufushā)
• 錘頭鯊／锤头鲨
• 鋸鯊／锯鲨 (jùshā, “sawshark”)
• 防鯊網／防鲨网 (fángshāwǎng)
• 雙髻鯊／双髻鲨 (shuāngjìshā)
• 食人鯊／食人鲨
• 鯊烯／鲨烯 (shāxī, “squalene”)
• 鯊魚／鲨鱼 (shāyú)
• 鯊鮀／鲨𬶍
• 鯨鯊／鲸鲨 (jīngshā)
• 鼬鯊／鼬鲨 (yòushā, “tiger shark”)

 

Japanese

Alternative forms

• 沙魚
• 蝦虎魚

Kanji

鯊

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: しゃ (sha)
• Kan-on: さ (sa)
• Kun: はぜ (haze); さめ (same)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鯊
はぜ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Noun

鯊(はぜ) or 鯊(ハゼ) • (haze) 

1. goby

Derived terms

• 真(ま)鯊(はぜ) (mahaze, “yellowfin goby”)
• 極楽(ごくらく)鯊(はぜ) (gokurakuhaze, “barcheek goby”)
• 蚯蚓(みみず)鯊(はぜ) (mimizuhaze, “flat-headed goby”)
• 跳(とび)鯊(はぜ) (tobihaze, “mudskipper”)

Korean

Hanja

鯊 • (sa) (hangeul 사)

1. (uncommon) shark