See also:
U+9CE9, 鳩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9CE9

[U+9CE8]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9CEA]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 196, +2, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大弓竹日火 (KNHAF), four-corner 47027, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1481, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46648
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2013, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4613, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+9CE9

Chinese edit

trad.
simp.
alternative forms
 

𩾛
Cantonese vulgar
𨳊 Cantonese vulgar
Cantonese vulgar

𩾛
Cantonese vulgar
𨳊 Cantonese vulgar
Cantonese vulgar
Cantonese euphemism
9 Cantonese euphemism
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ku): phonetic (OC *kuʔ) + semantic (bird).

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-k(r)əw (dove, pigeon) (Benedict, 1974; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Compare Tibetan འང་གུ ('ang gu, pigeon), Proto-Loloish *m-krəw², Burmese ချိုး (hkyui:), Proto-Kuki-Chin *khruu.

In some southern Chinese dialects, is pronounced with aspirated initial /kʰ/ due to taboo considerations.

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • kau1 - common for non-vulgar senses;
  • gau1 - common for vulgar senses.
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Southern Min
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (136)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter kjuw
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kɨu/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kiu/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kiəu/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kuw/
    Li
    Rong
    /kiu/
    Wang
    Li
    /kĭəu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ki̯ə̯u/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    jiū
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gau1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    jiū
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ kjuw ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[k](r)u/
    English (a kind of bird)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6939
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ku/

    Definitions edit

    1. pigeon; dove (family Columbidae)
    2. (literary) to gather; to assemble
    3. (Cantonese, Pingnan Min, vulgar) penis (sometimes especially erect) (Classifier: c;  c)
      [Cantonese]  ―  ham4 gau1 [Jyutping]  ―  to suck a dick
    4. (Cantonese, vulgar) fucking (intensifier)
      [Cantonese]  ―  mat1 gau1 si6 aa3 nei5? [Jyutping]  ―  What the fuck is wrong with you?
    5. (Cantonese, vulgar) Negates the meaning of the sentence.
      sorrysorry [Cantonese]  ―  so1 gau1 li4 aa3! [Jyutping]  ―  so fucking sorry! (sarcastic)
    6. (Cantonese, vulgar) stupid; dumb
      真係 [Cantonese, trad.]
      真系 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ni1 tou3 hei3 zan1 hai6 hou2 gau1. [Jyutping]
      This movie is so fucking dumb.
    7. (Cantonese, vulgar) recklessly
      [Cantonese]  ―  gau1 ngap1 [Jyutping]  ―  to talk shit
    8. (Cantonese, vulgar) unseriously
      功課功课 [Cantonese]  ―  gau1 zou6 fan6 gung1 fo3 [Jyutping]  ―  to do a piece of homework unseriously
    9. (Cantonese, vulgar) without aim or plan
      成日成日 [Cantonese]  ―  gau1 haang4 zo2 seng4 jat6 [Jyutping]  ―  to walk around aimlessly for the entire day
    10. (Cantonese, vulgar) thoughtlessly
      [Cantonese]  ―  gau1 gam6 lap1 zai3 [Jyutping]  ―  to press a button repeatedly and thoughtlessly
    11. (Cantonese, vulgar) unreasonably; lacking in reason
      一味一味 [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 mei6-2 gau1 faan2 [Jyutping]  ―  to indiscriminately oppose without reason

    Synonyms edit

    Compounds edit

    Descendants edit

    • ? Proto-Hmong: *ɴquᴬ (pigeon)

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 1 edit

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
     
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
     
    (hato): a pigeon, a dove.
    Kanji in this term
    はと
    Jinmeiyō
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    鴿

    ⟨pato1 → */patʷo//ɸato//hato/

    From Old Japanese, appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] In turn, from Proto-Japonic *pato.

    Possibly ultimately from はたはた (hatahata), an onomatopoeia for the sound of a dove or pigeon's wings in flight.[2]

    Pronunciation edit

      This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

    Noun edit

    (はと) or (ハト) (hato

    1. pigeon, dove (bird of genus Columba)
    Usage notes edit
    • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ハト.
    Derived terms edit
    Idioms edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    きゅう
    Jinmeiyō
    kan’on

    /kiu//kʲuː/

    From Middle Chinese (MC kjuw).

    Affix edit

    (きゅう) (kyūきう (kiu)?

    1. pigeon, dove
    2. (by extension) gather together (from the way that pigeons flock together)
    Derived terms edit

    References edit

    1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. ^ ハト・鳩”, in 日本辞典 (Nihon Jiten, Japan Dictionary) (in Japanese), 2007–2017.
    3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
    5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    (gu) (hangeul , revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

    1. pigeon, dove
    2. collect, assemble

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: cưu

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.