i
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Translingual edit
Etymology 1 edit
Lower case variation of upper case I, from Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, “Iota”).
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
i (upper case İ)
- In the Turkish alphabet and its descendants, the lower-case form of dotted capital İ, which contrasts with ı as the lower-case form of dotless capital I.
See also edit
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter I): Íí Ìì Ĭĭ Îî Ǐǐ Ïï Ḯḯ Ĩĩ Įį Īī Ỉỉ Ȉȉ Ȋȋ Ịị Ḭḭ Ɨɨɨ̆ ᵻ ᶖ İi Iı ɪ Ii fi ffi IJij IJij
- (Letters using dot sign): Ȧȧ Ạạ Ặặ Ậậ Ǡǡ Ḃḃ Ḅḅ Ċċ Ḋḋ Ḍḍ Ėė Ẹẹ Ḟḟ Ġġ Ḣḣ Ḥḥ Ii İi Iı Ịị Ḳḳ Ḷḷ Ṁṁ Ṃṃ Ṅṅ Ṇṇ Ȯȯ Ọọ Ợợ Ṗṗ Ṙṙ Ṛṛ Ṡṡ Ṣṣ ẛ Ṫṫ Ṭṭ Ụụ Ựự Ṿṿ Ẇẇ Ẉẉ Ẋẋ Ẏẏ Ỵỵ Żż Ẓẓ
Derived symbols
Similar and related symbols
- Ι and ι — Greek
- І and і — Cyrillic I, used in Belarusian and Ukrainian
- Ӏ and ӏ — Cyrillic palochka, used in the Caucasian languages
- ا — Arabic (alif)
- 1 — Arabic numeral
- Ꭵ — Cherokee (IPA: ə̃)
- ᛁ — Runic
- ɪ — IPA
Etymology 2 edit
- (mathematics, imaginary number): abbreviation of imaginary
- (engineering, electric current): abbreviation of French intensité du courant first used by M. André-Marie Ampère
- (computer programming, generic index): abbreviation of index
Pronunciation edit
IPA (file)
Symbol edit
i
- (mathematics, often in italics or bold) The imaginary unit; a fixed square root of -1. Graphically, is shown on the vertical (y-axis) plane.
- Synonym: j
- a+bi with a is real part and b is imaginary part
- (engineering, often in bold) The current flow in an electric circuit, frequently measured in amperes.
- v=ir (Ohm's Law)
- (mathematics, programming) A common variable name representing a generic index, especially in loops.
- Synonym: j
- (IPA, romanization) a close front unrounded vowel.
- (IPA, superscript ⟨ⁱ⟩) [i]-coloring, an [i] on- or off-glide (diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [i].
- (international standards) transliterates Indic इ (or equivalent).
- (financial mathematics) annual effective interest rate
Etymology 3 edit
Lower case form of upper case Roman numeral I, apparently derived from the shape of a notch scored across a tally stick.
Alternative forms edit
Numeral edit
i (lower case Roman numeral, upper case I)
See also edit
- Next: ii (2)
- Roman numerals
Gallery edit
-
Uppercase and lowercase versions of I, in normal and italic type
-
Uppercase and lowercase I in Fraktur
See also edit
Other representations of I:
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /aɪ/, /ɪ/, /i/
- (letter name): enPR: ī, IPA(key): /aɪ/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -aɪ
- Homophones: aye, eye
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I, plural is or i's)
- The ninth letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes edit
The English letter i represents many different sounds, often the diphthong /aɪ/ (from Middle English /iː/), as in the pronoun I, or /ɪ/ as in bit.
See also edit
- (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
Number edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ordinal number ninth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Noun edit
i (plural ies)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
- the position of an i-dot (the dot of an i)
- i-mutation, i-umlaut
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
See also edit
- (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee/zed (Category: en:Latin letter names)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old English iċ.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- (nonstandard) Alternative letter-case form of I
- 1762, Benj[amin] Stillingfleet, Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Natural History, Husbandry, and Physick. To Which Is Added the Calendar of Flora., 2nd edition, London: […] R. and J. Dodsley, […]; S. Baker, […]; and T. Payne, […], pages 30 and 32:
- Here follow ſome few lines in the original, which not underſtanding i have omitted. […] Laſtly that amidſt ſo many viciſſitudes of fortune, to which I have been expoſed, amongſt all the goods, i ſay, and evils, the joyfull and gloomy, the pleaſing, and diſagreeable circumſtances of life, thou endowedſt me with an equal, conſtant, manly, and ſuperior ſpirit on every occaſion.
Usage notes edit
- Also used in instant messaging due to limitations of entering capitals on a mobile phone's keypad.
- Sometimes to indicate informality, primarily in typed media
Etymology 3 edit
Abbreviations.
- (stenoscript) a word-initial letter ⟨i⟩
- (stenoscript) the long vowel /aɪ/ at the end of a word, or before a final consonant that is not /dʒ, v, z/. (Note: the final consonant is not written.)
- (stenoscript) the words if, is, it, its
Acehnese edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Adangme edit
Pronoun edit
i
- I
- I suɔ mo. ― I love you.
Albanian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Albanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
Preposition edit
i m
- masculine singular preposition
- of (+ dative)
- Fisi i Malësorëve. ― The tribe of Highlanders.
- Fisi i Malësorëvet. ― The tribe of the Highlanders.
Article edit
i m
- masculine singular nominative adjectival article
- the
- Shkurt. I shkurt. I shkurti. ― Short. Short one. The short one. or Short. Shorty. The shorty.
- Madh. I madhi zot. / Zoti i madh. ― Great. The great god.
See also edit
See Appendix:Albanian adjectival articles for other forms.
Related terms edit
Alemannic German edit
Pronoun edit
i (unstressed)
Ama edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i
Anambé edit
Noun edit
i
Further reading edit
- Paul Ehrenreich, Materialien zur Sprachenkunde Brasiliens IV: Vocabulare der Guajajara und Anambē (Para) (1895) (i)
- Wolf Dietrich, Correspondências fonológicas e lexicais entre Karitiána (Arikém, Tupí) e Tupí-Guaraní (y)
Araweté edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Eliete de Jesus Bararuá Solano, Descrição gramatical da Língua Araweté, page 80, 2009
Aruá edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Čestmír Loukotka, Documents et vocabulaires inédits de langues et de dialectes Sud Américains, JSAP 52: 7-60 (1963), page 44
Azerbaijani edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case İ)
- The fourteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Bambara edit
Pronoun edit
í
Basque edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Basque alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L, l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Noun edit
i (indeclinable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
See also edit
Bavarian edit
Alternative forms edit
- y (Niederbayerisch)
Etymology edit
From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Cognates include German ich and Yiddish איך (ikh).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- I
- 2013, “I halts nit aus [I can't endure it]”, performed by Hannah:
- I halts nit aus, des Scheißgefühl, i kann di doch liaben wann und wo i will!
- I can't endure this shitty feeling, I can, after all, love you when and where I want!
See also edit
nominative | accusative | dative | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | ||
1st person singular | i | — | mi | — | mia (mir) | ma | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | — | di | — | dia (dir) | da | |
2nd person singular (formal) |
Sie | — | Eahna | — | Eahna | — | |
3rd person singular | m | er | a | eahm | 'n | eahm | 'n |
n | es, des | 's | des | 's | |||
f | se, de | 's | se | 's | ihr | — | |
1st person plural | mia (mir) | ma | uns | — | uns | — | |
2nd person plural | eß, ihr | — | enk, eich | — | enk, eich | — | |
3rd person plural | se | 's | eahna | — | eahna | — |
Bislama edit
Particle edit
i
Borôro edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i
Bourguignon edit
Alternative forms edit
- je (rare)
Etymology edit
From Old French je, from Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego. Near cognates include Franc-Comtois i and standard French je.
Pronoun edit
i
Related terms edit
Cameroon Pidgin edit
Alternative forms edit
- he, she, it (in higher registers closer to English with corresponding gender distinction)
- il, ele (Camfranglais with Romance gender distinction)
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- 3rd person singular subject personal pronoun
See also edit
Catalan edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready. |
Noun edit
i f (plural is)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Catalan e.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
- and; used to connect two similar words, phrases, sentences, etc.; as well as; together with; in addition to
- Hi ha moltes colomes i teuladins. ― There are many pigeons and sparrows.
- Ella escriu els articles i ell els il·lustra amb els seus dibuixos. ― She writes the articles and he illustrates them with his drawings.
Alternative forms edit
References edit
- “i” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “i”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “i” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “i” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Cemuhî edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Oceanic *kutu.
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Jim Hollyman,K. J. Hollyman, Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, page 52, 1999
Chuukese edit
Pronoun edit
i
Related terms edit
Cimbrian edit
Alternative forms edit
- ich (Sette Comuni)
Etymology edit
From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Cognate with German ich, English I.
Pronoun edit
i
Inflection edit
Personal pronouns | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
1st person | i | biar |
2nd person | du | iar |
3rd person | er, si, 'z | se |
References edit
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Classical Nahuatl edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ī
- (transitive) to drink
Cornish edit
Pronoun edit
i
Corsican edit
Etymology edit
From the earlier li. Compare Italian i (“the”) and Romanian îi (“them”).
Article edit
i m pl (masculine singular u, feminine singular a, feminine plural e)
- the (masculine plural)
Usage notes edit
- Before a vowel, i turns into l'.
Pronoun edit
i m pl
- them (direct object)
Usage notes edit
- Before a vowel, i turns into l'.
See also edit
References edit
Czech edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *i.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
Dalmatian edit
Etymology edit
From Latin illī, nominative masculine plural of ille. Compare Italian i, gli.
Article edit
i
- the; masculine plural definite article
Related terms edit
Dama (Sierra Leone) edit
Etymology edit
Likely cognate with Vai [script needed] (i, “you”).
Pronoun edit
i
- The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
Usage notes edit
The rememberer who glossed this word did so as "I", but Dalby proposes that this is an error, based on the Vai pronouns.
References edit
- Dalby, T. D. P. (1963), “The extinct language of Dama”, in Sierra Leone Language Review, volume 2, Freetown: Fourah Bay College, pages 50–54
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *en.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
i
- in, inside
- Indicates exponentiation.
- Tre i femte. ― Three to the power of five. (short for tre i femte potens, three in fifth power). [note that the exponent is in the ordinal form]
- for (some duration)
- Jeg har boet her i tre år. ― I have lived here for three years.
- Used to indicate a past time or period when something took place.
- Han fyldte seks år i mandags. ― He turned six years old on Monday.
- Used to indicate regular presence in a location.
- Pigen går i gymnasiet og er 17 år ― The girl goes to high school and is 17 years old.
- Used in conjunction with time to indicate a number of minutes before a full hour.
- Fem minutter i tolv. ― Five minutes to twelve.
- Used when indicating that something is happening or repeated a number of times within each time period .
- Tre gange i timen. ― Three times a day
- Indicates affiliation with a profession.
- Professor i fysik ― Professor of physics
Drehu edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
- Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Elfdalian edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in. Cognate with Swedish i.
Preposition edit
i
Emilian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin illī (“they”) (nominative plural of ille).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i (personal)
Related terms edit
Number | Person | Gender | Disjunctive (tonic) |
Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Reflexive (-self) |
Comitative (with) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | mè | a | me | mêg | ||
Second | — | tè | et | te | têg | |||
Third | Masculine | ló | al | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | lê | la | ||||||
Plural | First | Masculine | nuēter | a | se | nōsk | ||
Feminine | nuētri | |||||||
Second | Masculine | vuēter | a | ve | vōsk | |||
Feminine | vuētri | |||||||
Third | Masculine | lôr | i | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | el | li |
Esperanto edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The twelfth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin script letters) litero; Aa, Bb, Cc, Ĉĉ, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ĝĝ, Hh, Ĥĥ, Ii, Jj, Ĵĵ, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Ŝŝ, Tt, Uu, Ŭŭ, Vv, Zz
Noun edit
i (accusative singular i-on, plural i-oj, accusative plural i-ojn)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
See also edit
Estonian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Extremaduran edit
Conjunction edit
i
Fala edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese e.
Conjunction edit
i
- and (expressing two elements to be taken together)
Quotations edit
For more quotations using this term, see Citations:i.
Faroese edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The tenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin script letters) bókstavur; Aa, Áá, Bb, Dd, Ðð, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Íí, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Óó, Pp, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Úú, Vv, Yy, Ýý, Ææ, Øø
Noun edit
i n (genitive singular is, plural i)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
Declension edit
Declension of i | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
n4 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | i | iið | i | iini |
accusative | i | iið | i | iini |
dative | i, ii | inum | ium | iunum |
genitive | is | isins | ia | ianna |
See also edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and i for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called ii and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Foi edit
Noun edit
i
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i m (plural is)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
Derived terms edit
Friulian edit
Friulian Definite Articles | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
masculine | il l' |
i |
feminine | la l' |
lis |
Etymology edit
Article edit
i m pl (singular il)
Pronoun edit
i (third person masculine/ feminine indirect object)
See also edit
Fula edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Usage notes edit
See also edit
Galician edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Galician alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Noun edit
i m (plural is)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Particle edit
i
- an antihiatical particle that, due to sandhi, can precede a word which begins with a vowel sound after a word which ends with vowel sound; now rarely represented in written language
- 1594, anonymous author, Entremés dos pastores:
- Ay Jan cata non te enfermes, nen sentencies con malicia, cata que a yalma perdes.
- Oh, Xan, watch out, don't get sick, nor sentence with meanness, watch out that your soul you're loosing
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
i
- Romanization of 𐌹
Guinea-Bissau Creole edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Portuguese ele.
Pronoun edit
i
Etymology 2 edit
From Portuguese e. Cognate with Spanish y.
Conjunction edit
i
Haitian Creole edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- (Okap dialect) he, she, it
Hawaiian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Polynesian *i.
Pronunciation edit
Particle edit
i
- used to mark the following (noun or noun phrase) as a direct object
- Ua ʻai ka pōpoki i ka ʻiole. ― The cat ate the mouse.
- used to indicate past tense (precedes verb)
- I hana au. ― I worked.
- used to indicate perfect participle (precedes verb)
- i haʻalele ― having left, who had left
Preposition edit
i
See also edit
Hokkien edit
For pronunciation and definitions of i – see 伊 (“he, him; she, her; it”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 伊). |
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
- (phoneme): IPA: [ˈi]
- (letter name): IPA: [ˈi]
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The fifteenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | i | i-k |
accusative | i-t | i-ket |
dative | i-nek | i-knek |
instrumental | i-vel | i-kkel |
causal-final | i-ért | i-kért |
translative | i-vé | i-kké |
terminative | i-ig | i-kig |
essive-formal | i-ként | i-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | i-ben | i-kben |
superessive | i-n | i-ken |
adessive | i-nél | i-knél |
illative | i-be | i-kbe |
sublative | i-re | i-kre |
allative | i-hez | i-khez |
elative | i-ből | i-kből |
delative | i-ről | i-kről |
ablative | i-től | i-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
i-é | i-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
i-éi | i-kéi |
Possessive forms of i | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | i-m | i-im |
2nd person sing. | i-d | i-id |
3rd person sing. | i-je | i-i |
1st person plural | i-nk | i-ink |
2nd person plural | i-tek | i-itek |
3rd person plural | i-jük | i-ik |
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further reading edit
- i in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The eleventh letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Ido edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Igbo edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The twelfth letter of the Igbo alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
- ị (retracted tongue position)
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i (dependent form, independent form gị)
- (personal) you (singular)
- Kedụ ka i mere?
- How are you?
See also edit
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
- and
- Miä läkkään ižoraks i soomeks. ― I speak Ingrian and Finnish.
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 19:
- Repo i kana.
- A fox and a hen.
Synonyms edit
Particle edit
i
- also, as well, too
- Mut, miä läkkään i viroks. ― But, I speak Estonian, too.
- 1885, “Sprachproben: Der goldene Vogel”, in Volmari Porkka, editor, Ueber den Ingrischen Dialekt mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen finnisch-ingermanländischen Dialekte:
- Mäni da i heittiis makkaamaa, ja makkais taas hoomuksee nasse.
- He went and threw himself to sleep, too, and he slept up till the morning again.
- 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:
- Iƶorat laatiit kansan, kumpa keelen poolest kuuluu läns-fenniläisiin kansoin gruppaa ja sil viisii i iƶoroin keeli kuuluu läns-fenniläisee keelisisteemaa.
- The Ingrians make up a people, that based on their language belongs to the group of Finnic peoples and as such the language of Ingrians also belongs to the Finnic language family.
Synonyms edit
References edit
Irish edit
Alternative forms edit
- in (used before vowels in place of eclipsis; also used before bhur (“your”, pl), dhá (“two”), titles of books, films, and the like, and foreign words that resist mutation)
Etymology edit
From Old Irish i, from Proto-Celtic *eni (compare Welsh yn), from Proto-Indo-European *en (compare English in, Latin in, Ancient Greek ἐν (en)).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
i (plus dative, triggers eclipsis, before the definite article s-, ins)
Inflection edit
Derived terms edit
Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* |
de mo dem* |
de do ded*, det* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* |
do mo dom* |
do do dod*, dot* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* |
i do id*, it* |
ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* |
le do led*, let* |
lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* |
ó mo óm* |
ó do ód*, ót* |
óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
See also Category:Irish phrasal verbs with particle (i)
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
i | n-i | hi | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “i”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Italian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Reduced form of gli, from earlier li, from Latin illī (nominative plural and dative singular of ille).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
Italian Definite Articles | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
masculine | il lo/l' |
i gli |
feminine | la/l' | le |
i m pl (singular il)
Usage notes edit
- i is used before masculine plural words beginning with a single consonant other than x or z, or the plural noun dei; gli is used before masculine plural words beginning with a vowel, x, z, gn, or multiple consonants including pn, ps, and s+consonant, and before the plural noun dei.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Latin ī (the name of the letter I).
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Italian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Noun edit
i f (invariable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.; i
Derived terms edit
See also edit
- (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, i lunga, kappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon, zeta
References edit
Further reading edit
- i in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Italiot Greek edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek ἡ (hē)
Article edit
i
Iu Mien edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʔu̯i (“two”). Cognate with White Hmong ob and Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] oub.
Numeral edit
i
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
i
Kabuverdianu edit
Etymology edit
From Spanish y and Portuguese e.
Conjunction edit
i
Kabyle edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Preposition edit
i
Kashubian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and i for development of the glyph itself.
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, Ã ã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *i.
Conjunction edit
i
- coordinating conjunction; and
Alternative forms edit
Further reading edit
Ladin edit
Article edit
i m (plural)
See also edit
Ladino edit
Etymology edit
From Old Spanish é or e, from Latin et.
Conjunction edit
Latgalian edit
Etymology edit
Shortened from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ir, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥- (“thus”), preserved as such in Latvian ir and Lithuanian ir. Not related to Proto-Slavic *i and its descendants.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
Particle edit
i
References edit
- Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
ī f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter I.
Coordinate terms edit
- (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta
References edit
- i in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- i in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."
Etymology 2 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb edit
ī
- go! walk!; second-person singular active imperative of eō
- I intro iam nunc. ― Now then, go in.
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation 1 edit
- IPA: [i]
(file)
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latvian letters) latviešu burti; Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž
Pronunciation 2 edit
- IPA: [i]
Noun edit
i m (invariable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
See also edit
Liangmai Naga edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
Ligurian edit
Ligurian Definite Articles | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
masculine | o | i |
feminine | a | e |
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
i m pl (singular o)
Lithuanian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Lithuanian alphabet, called i trumpoji and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Livonian edit
Pronunciation edit
- (phoneme) IPA: /i/
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Lower Grand Valley Dani edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- H. Myron Bromley, A Grammar of Lower Grand Valley Dani (1981)
- H. Myron Bromley, The Phonology of Lower Grand Valley Dani (2013)
- The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN
Lower Sorbian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
- The name of the Latin-script letter i.
Conjunction edit
i
Interjection edit
i!
See also edit
Further reading edit
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “i”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999), “i”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Lule Sami edit
Verb edit
i
Lushootseed edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i
- The fifteenth letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as a non-low front unrounded vowel.
Makasar edit
Article edit
i (Lontara spelling ᨕᨗ)
- article for personal names and pronouns
Malay edit
Letter edit
i
- The ninth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Maltese edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ɪ/ (short phoneme)
- IPA(key): /iː/ (long phoneme)
- IPA(key): /ɪː/ (long phoneme before the letters għ, ħ, h, q; merges with ie)
- IPA(key): /ɛj/, /aj/ (after għ; variation is regional and idiolectal)
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The twelfth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Mandinka edit
Pronoun edit
i
- you (personal pronoun)
- as i busa ― he/she struck you.
See also edit
Maori edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Polynesian *i.
Particle edit
i
- from
- past-tense verbal particle
- particle indicating the direct object of a transitive sentence
- past-tense particle indicating location
Masurian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Polish i.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
Particle edit
i
- begins a statement
- even
Further reading edit
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Preposition edit
i
- Alternative form of in (“in”)
Etymology 2 edit
Pronoun edit
i
- Alternative form of I (“I”)
Etymology 3 edit
Pronoun edit
i
- Alternative form of he (“they”)
Middle Low German edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i m
- Alternative form of gî.
Mirandese edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
Mòcheno edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek. Cognate with German ich, English I.
Pronoun edit
i (dative mer)
Inflection edit
Personal pronouns | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
1st person | i | biar |
2nd person | du | ir |
3rd person | er, si, s | sei |
References edit
- “i” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Mondé edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Čestmír Loukotka, Documents et vocabulaires inédits de langues et de dialectes Sud Américains, JSAP 52: 7-60 (1963), page 44
Murui Huitoto edit
Pronunciation edit
Root edit
i
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[3], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 161
edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script:
- i = /ɪ˨/
- į = /ɪ̃˨/
- í = /ɪ˥/
- į́ = /ɪ̃˥/
- ii = /iː˨˨/
- įį = /ĩː˨˨/
- íi = /iː˥˨/
- į́į = /ĩː˥˨/
- ií = /iː˨˥/
- įį́ = /ĩː˨˥/
- íí = /iː˥˥/
- į́į́ = /ĩː˥˥/
Neapolitan edit
Etymology 1 edit
Verb edit
i
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- I: the first-person singular nominative personal pronoun.
Nheengatu edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: i
- Rhymes: -i
Pronoun edit
i
- (second-class) third-person singular personal pronoun (he, him, his, she, her, it, its)
- I akanhemu uikú nhaãsé i kirá uikú.
- He is scared because he is fat.
- Indé reputari repitá i irũmu.
- You want to stay with him.
- Indé remeẽ manungara i xupé.
- You give something to him.
- I manha uwiké uka pisasú upé.
- His mother enters the new house.
Usage notes edit
- As a second-class pronoun, i is used as the subject of a sentence when its verb is a second-class one (those verbs are sometimes referred to as adjectives). The personal pronoun i is also used when governed by any postposition with the exception of arama. Unlike other second-class pronouns, i is used when governed by the postposition supé. Finally, i is used as a possessive pronoun as well.
See also edit
singular | first-class pronoun | second-class pronoun |
---|---|---|
first-person | ixé | se |
second-person | indé | ne |
third-person | aé | i |
plural | first-class pronoun | second-class pronoun |
first-person | yandé | yané |
second-person | penhẽ | pe |
third-person | aintá (or tá) | aintá (or tá) |
References edit
- ÁVILA, Marcel Twardowsky (2021) Proposta de dicionário nheengatu–português, page 311
- NAVARRO, Eduardo de Almeida (2016) Curso de língua geral (nheengatu ou tupi moderno): a língua das origens da civilização amazônica, 2nd edition, →ISBN, pages 11 and 104
North Frisian edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
See also edit
- juu (object and possessive form)
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse í (“in”), from Proto-Germanic *in (“in, into”), from Proto-Indo-European *én (“in”).
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i
- The ninth letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Preposition edit
i
- (location) in, inside of
- Ligge i sengen ― Laying in bed
- Oppe i fjellene ― Up in the mountains
- (duration of time) for, in, during
- Møtet varte (i) to timer ― The meeting lasted two hours (literally, “The meeting went during two hours”)
- Han var utenlands i mange år ― He lived abroad for many years
- I høst, i vår, i dag, i går ― In autumn, in spring, today, yesterday
- (condition, state) in
- Være i fred ― To be in peace
- Være i god form ― To be in shape (physically fit)
- Leve i fattigdom ― To live in poverty
- (means, method) in
- Betale i gull ― To pay in gold.
- Gjøre noe i all hast ― To do something urgently (literally, “To do something in all haste”)
- i hemmelighet ― in secret
- pertaining to, in reference to
- I deg har jeg en sann venn. ― In you I have a true friend.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in (“in, into”). Akin to English in.
Preposition edit
i
- (location) in, inside of
- No er me i Noreg. ― We are currently in Norway.
- (duration of time) for, in, during
- (condition, state) in
- (means, method) in
- pertaining to, in reference to
Derived terms edit
Adverb edit
i
- Used together with certain verbs.
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I, definite singular i-en, indefinite plural i-ar, definite plural i-ane)
- The ninth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Pronoun edit
i (objective me, possessive min)
- (dialectal) alternative letter-case form of I; alternative form of eg (“I”)
Etymology 4 edit
From Old Norse ér, ír, from Proto-Germanic *jūz. Possibly via Danish I. Compare with de.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i (objective jær or ær or ør, possessive jærs or ærs or ørs)
- (obsolete, dialectal, polite) you (second person singular)
- 1853, Ivar Aasen, Prøver af Landsmaalet i Norge (overall work in Danish), Christiania: Carl C. Werner & Co., page 2:
- men æg undras paa, at i sku kjenn' mæg; æg trur aller, at æg kjenne ør; æg tyks aller ha sett ør før.
- Though I wonder how you would know me. I don't think I know you. I don't think I've ever seen you before.
References edit
- “i” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
- Torp, Alf (1919), “I”, in Nynorsk etymologisk ordbok, Kristiania: Aschehoug, page 240
- Ivar Aasen (1850), “i”, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog, Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000
Anagrams edit
Nupe edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The eleventh letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Occitan edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
i f (plural is)
- i (the letter i, I)
Derived terms edit
Old French edit
Etymology edit
Adverb edit
i
- there
- c. 1155, Wace, Le Roman de Brut:
- Et grant compagnie i a d'omes
- And there is a large company of men
Descendants edit
- French: y
Old Irish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *en (compare Welsh yn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (compare English in, Latin in, Ancient Greek ἐν (en)).
The third-person singular masculine and neuter inflected dative form and is not derived from a contraction with a pronoun. Instead, it was originally an adverb with an independent etymology. See its page for its etymology.
Preposition edit
i (triggers eclipsis)
- in [+dative]
- into [+accusative]
- in regard to, as to [+dative]
- as [+accusative]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:i.
Inflection edit
Person | Normal | Emphatic |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | indium(m) | indiumsa |
2d person sing. | indiut | indiuts(i)u |
3d sing. masc./neut., dative | and | andsom |
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | ind | indsom |
3d sing. fem., dative | indi | |
3d sing. fem., accusative | inte | intesi |
1st person pl. | indiunn | indiunni |
2d person pl. | indib | indibsi |
3d person pl., dative | indib | indibsom, indibsem |
3d person pl., accusative | intiu |
Combinations with the definite article:
- isin (accusative masculine/feminine singular)
- issa (accusative neuter singular)
- isind (dative singular)
- isna (accusative plural)
- isnaib (dative plural)
Combinations with possessive determiners:
The form i is unchanged in combination with a relative pronoun.
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003), D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 842, pages 518–22
Old Occitan edit
Etymology edit
Adverb edit
i
- there
- 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour — Anc no gardei sazo ni mes
- E las melhors domnas i son !
- And the best women are there!
- 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour — Anc no gardei sazo ni mes
Descendants edit
- Occitan: i
Old Polish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *i. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
- and (cumulative coordinating conjunction)
Descendants edit
References edit
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “i, hi”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Old Tupi edit
Alternative forms edit
- î (after vowels)
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i (2nd class, 3rd person singular and plural, dative i xupé)
- (before adjectives) he, she, they, it
- him, her, them
- his, her, their, its
- I roka
- Her house
- (dummy pronoun) it
- Gûyrá i porang
- The bird is beautiful
- (literally, “bird it beautiful”)
- Aîkutuk
- I poked it
Descendants edit
- Nheengatu: i
See also edit
Person | Number | Nominative Accusative |
Possessive | Dative | Objective | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subject | 1st class | 2nd class | Nonreflexive | Reflexive | 1st class | 2nd class | |||
Singular | 1st | ixé | xe | ixébe | xebe | ||||
2nd | îepé | endé | nde | endébe | ndebe | oro- | |||
Singular and Plural | 3rd | a'e | i | o | i xupé | ||||
Plural | 1st exc | oré | orébe | ||||||
1st inc | îandé | îandébe | |||||||
2nd | peîepé | peẽ | pe | peẽme | peme | opo- | |||
Indefinite | asé | asébe |
References edit
- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2005) Método Moderno de Tupi Antigo: a língua do Brasil dos primeiros séculos[4] (in Portuguese), 3 edition, São Paulo: Global Editora, →ISBN
- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013), “i”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil (in Portuguese), 1 edition, São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 149, column 1
Paicî edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Oceanic *kutu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu, from Proto-Austronesian *kuCu.
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Jim Hollyman, K. J. Hollyman, Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, page 52, 1999
Papiamentu edit
Alternative forms edit
- y (alternative spelling)
Etymology edit
From Spanish y and Portuguese e and Kabuverdianu i.
Conjunction edit
i
Pijin edit
Particle edit
i
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /i/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈi/
Audio 1 (file) Audio 2 (file) Audio 3 (file) - Rhymes: -i
- Syllabification: i
- Homophone: -i
Etymology 1 edit
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and i for development of the glyph itself.
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The twelfth letter of the Polish alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Old Polish i.
Conjunction edit
i
- and
- Adam i Ewa tylko zjedli jabłko. ― Adam and Eve only ate an apple.
- Patrzę na nią i oczom nie wierzę. ― I look at her and can't believe my eyes.
- even
- Wychodząc i kaloryfer nam naprawił. ― Leaving he even repaired our radiator.
- I ślepa wiewiórka czasem znajdzie orzech. ― Even a blind squirrel finds an acorn sometimes.
- Ja krowy to i w telewizji nigdy nie widziałem. ― I never saw a cow, even on TV.
- also, too
- I mnie się podoba wasz wybór. ― I like your choice too.
- Czy i my? ― We too?
- so, so that
- Zmęczyłem się i nie byłem już w stanie grać w koszykówkę. ― I grew tired, so I couldn't play basketball anymore.
- Byłeś głupi, i cierp teraz. ― You were a fool, so now suffer.
- (i...i) as well as
- Polsce potrzebne są i armia, i flota. ― Poland needs an army as well as a navy.
- emphasizing particle
- I dobrze. ― Fine.
Derived terms edit
- (possibly) bajbardzo
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), i is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 2473 times in scientific texts, 2409 times in news, 3061 times in essays, 2636 times in fiction, and 1806 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 12385 times, making it the 2nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References edit
Further reading edit
- i in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- i in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “i”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2023
- “i”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2023
- “I”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 16.09.2009
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “i”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “i”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “i”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 71
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: i
Audio (BR) (file)
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Noun edit
i m (plural is)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
Rapa Nui edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Polynesian *i.
Particle edit
i
- relational particle that marks the object of a verb
Usage notes edit
Used in all cases except with verbs of sensing; in which case, use e.
Preposition edit
i
Romani edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- (International Standard) The twelfth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- (Pan-Vlax) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Etymology 2 edit
Article edit
i f sg (masculine singular o, plural e)
- the; feminine singular definite article
- i Sperànca ― Speranza
- i Rumùnia ― Romania
Usage notes edit
- The definite article is used with proper nouns (given names and place names) as well.
Declension edit
Romanian edit
Etymology 1 edit
See Translingual section.
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The eleventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes edit
See I for notes on pronunciation.
See also edit
- (Latin script letters) Aa, Ăă, Ââ, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Îî, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Șș, Tt, Țț, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Church Slavonic и (i).
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
Usage notes edit
Mostly used in the context of iproci (and so on...)
Samoan edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Polynesian *i.
Particle edit
i
- used to mark the following (noun or noun phrase) as a direct object
Preposition edit
i
- (indicating destination) to
Sardinian edit
Etymology edit
Pronoun edit
i (adverbial)
Sassarese edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin ī (the name of the letter I).
Noun edit
i f (invariable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.; i
Etymology 2 edit
Apocopic form of in.
Preposition edit
i
- Alternative form of i'
- 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Un cuntaddu [A tale]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others], Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 47:
- Di la ziddài natiba i lu so’ cori
diricaddu una mamma s’ammintaba
ch’era verdhi e fiuridda che giardhinu.- About the native town, in her delicate heart, a mother remembered it was as green and full of flowers as a garden.
Sathmar Swabian edit
Pronoun edit
i
References edit
- Claus Stephani, Volksgut der Sathmarschwaben (1985)
Savi edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Kendall D. Decker Languages of Chitral )1992), Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, 5. Islamabad: National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University and Summer Institute of Linguistics xxii, page 185
Scots edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English i, variant of in (“in”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
i
Scottish Gaelic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by h and followed by l. Its traditional name is iodh (“yew”).
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) litir; A a (À à), B b (Bh bh), C c (Ch ch), D d (Dh dh), E e (È è), F f (Fh fh), G g (Gh gh), H h, I i (Ì ì), L l, M m (Mh mh), N n, O o (Ò ò), P p (Ph ph), R r, S s (Sh sh), T t (Th th), U u (Ù ù)
- (diacritics) ◌̀
- (obsolete vowels) Á á É é Ó ó
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Irish sí. Cognates include Irish sí and Manx ee.
Pronoun edit
i (emphatic ise)
See also edit
simple | emphatic | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | singular | plural | |
First person | mi | sinn | mise | sinne |
Second person | thu, tu1) | sibh | thusa, tusa1) | sibhse |
Third person m | e | iad | esan | iadsan |
Third person f | i | ise | ||
*) sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns. **) To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used. 1) used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh. |
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology 1 edit
See Translingual section.
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (Cyrillic spelling и)
- The thirteenth letter of the Serbo-Croatian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Slavic *i.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i (Cyrillic spelling и)
- and
- Ivica i Marica se vole ― Ivica and Marica love each other.
- i tako dalje ― and so on
- (i… i…) both… and…
- ne možeš istovremeno i tužiti i suditi. ― you can't simultaneously both sue and judge
- also, too, as well
- i meni se sviđa vaš odabir ― I like your choice too
- even (usually preceded by čȁk)
- (čak) i ja sam pozvan na zabavu! ― even I have been invited to the party
- (ne sȁmo… nȅgo/vȅć i…) also, too
- on je ne samo darovit, nego i jako marljiv ― he is not only talented, but also very industrious
- so, so that (= te, pa)
- umorio sam se i nisam mogao više igrati košarku ― I grew tired, so I couldn't play basketball anymore
Sicilian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin ī (the name of the letter I).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i f
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.; i
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From the lenition of li, from the conflation of the apheresis of Latin illī and illae, both nominative plurals of ille.
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
i m pl or f pl
Usage notes edit
- As for other Romance languages, such as Neapolitan or Portuguese, Sicilian definite articles have undergone a consonant lenition that has led to the phonetic fall of the initial l. The use of this illiquid variant has not yet made the use of liquid variants disappear, but today it is still the prevalent use in speech and writing.
- In the case of the production of literary texts, such as singing or poetry, or of formal and institutional texts, resorting to "liquid articles" and "liquid articulated prepositions" confers greater euphony to the text, although it may sound a form of courtly recovery.
- Illiquid definite articles can be phonetically absorbed by the following noun. I.e: l'arancini (liquid) and ârancini (illiquid).
Inflection edit
Sicilian articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine singular definite article | Feminine singular definite article | Masculine and feminine plural definite article | ||
Definite articles (liquid) | lu | la | li | |
Definite articles (illiquid) | u | a | i | |
Definite articles | nu (also: un, 'n) |
na |
Etymology 3 edit
From the lenition of li, from the conflation of the apheresis of Latin illī and illae, both nominative plurals of ille.
Alternative forms edit
- li (liquid form)
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i m pl or f pl
- (accusative) them
- Synonym: li
- I canusci? ― Do you know them?
- (accusative) it, this or that thing
- Synonym: li
- Quannu tî desi. ― When I gave them to you.
Usage notes edit
- This pronoun can blend in contracted forms with other particles, especially other personal pronominal particles.
Inflection edit
Sicilian pronominal particles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine singular pronominal particles | Feminine singular pronominal particles | Masculine and feminine plural pronominal particles | ||
mi | mû | mâ | mî | |
ti | tû | tâ | tî | |
ci | ci u | ci a | cî | |
ni | nû | nâ | nî | |
vi | vû | vâ | vî | |
ci | ci u | ci a | cî |
Silesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and i for development of the glyph itself.
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case i)
- The eleventh letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ã ã, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ǒ ǒ, Ō ō, Ô ô, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Old Polish i.
Conjunction edit
i
Further reading edit
- i in silling.org
Silimo edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Cornelis L. Voorhoeve, Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist (1975, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics), page 105
Sirionó edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
Skolt Sami edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The sixteenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *i.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “i”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Slovene edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Gaj's Latin alphabet i, from Czech alphabet i, from Latin i, lower case variation of I from the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i, “i”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, “iota”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, “yod”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.
Pronunciation edit
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): /ˈíː/, /ˈìː/, /ˈî/, /i/, [ˈɪ́ː], [ˈɪ̀ː], [ˈɪ̂], [ˈîː], [ˈǐː], [ˈɪ̂ː], [ˈɪ̌ː], SNPT: /ī/, /ȉ/, /i/ |
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈîː], [ˈǐː], SNPT: [ī] • (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈiː], SNPT: [í],
|
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• Rhymes: -iː ([-í]) (non-tonal)
|
|
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The tenth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- The fifteenth letter of the Resian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- The eleventh letter of the Natisone Valley dialect alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Symbol edit
i
- (SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [i].
Noun edit
ī m inan
- The name of the Latin script letter I / i.
- (linguistics) The name of the phoneme /i/.
Inflection edit
- Overall more common
First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate), fixed accent, -j- infix | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | i | ||
gen. sing. | i-ja | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
i | i-ja | i-ji |
genitive rodȋlnik |
i-ja | i-jev | i-jev |
dative dajȃlnik |
i-ju, i-ji | i-jema | i-jem |
accusative tožȋlnik |
i | i-ja | i-je |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
i-ju, i-ji | i-jih | i-jih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
i-jem | i-jema | i-ji |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
i | i-ja | i-ji |
- More common when with a definite adjective
Third masculine declension (no endings), fixed accent | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | i | ||
gen. sing. | i | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
i | i | i |
genitive rodȋlnik |
i | i | i |
dative dajȃlnik |
i | i | i |
accusative tožȋlnik |
i | i | i |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
i | i | i |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
i | i | i |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
i | i | i |
- Dialectal, in common written language used till 19th century
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate), -j- infix | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | i | ||
gen. sing. | i-ja | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative imenovȃlnik |
i | i-ja | i-ji |
genitive rodȋlnik |
i-ja | i-jov | i-jov |
dative dajȃlnik |
i-ju, i-ji | i-joma | i-jom |
accusative tožȋlnik |
i | i-ja | i-je |
locative mẹ̑stnik |
i-ju, i-ji | i-jih | i-jih |
instrumental orọ̑dnik |
i-jom | i-joma | i-ji |
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
i | i-ja | i-ji |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈîː], SNPT: [ȋ] • (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈiː], SNPT: [í],
|
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• Rhymes: -iː ([-í]) (non-tonal)
|
|
Interjection edit
i
- used to denote happiness after correct assumption
Etymology 3 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈî], SNPT: [ȉ] |
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• Rhymes: -i ([-ì]) (non-tonal)
|
|
Interjection edit
i
- (archaic) used to denote unhappiness or unpleasant surprise
- (archaic) used to denote that speaker is indifferent to the topic
Etymology 4 edit
Derived from Proto-Slavic *i (“and”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *éy, an early locative singular determiner, formed from the root *h₁e-, *h₁o-. Cognates with Serbo-Croatian i, Macedonian и (i), Bulgarian и (i), Old Church Slavonic и (i), Czech i, Polish i, Kashubian ë, Slovak i, Belarusian і (i), Belarusian й (j), Carpathian Rusyn й (j), Ukrainian і (i), Ukrainian й (j), and Russian и (i).
Pronunciation edit
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [i], [ˈî], SNPT: [i], [ȉ] |
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• Rhymes: -i ([-ì]) (non-tonal)
|
|
Conjunction edit
i
Usage notes edit
Use of i as a conjunction in Slovene is obsolete and not well-known, so most nowadays speakers usually relate it with other Slavic languages rather than with old Slovene. Nowadays, its derivative, in is used, which is etymologically speaking a stressed variant, but has since lost the initial difference.
As opposed to in, i can be pronounced as stressed or unstressed form in all contexts (but if taken out of context, only the stressed version is allowed) whereas in is stressed only if taken out of context.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 5 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [i], SNPT: [i] |
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈîː], SNPT: [ȋ] • (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈiː], SNPT: [í],
|
Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.
• Rhymes: -iː ([-í]) (non-tonal)
|
|
Particle edit
i
Further reading edit
“i”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Directly from Latin.
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- Synonym: i latina
Noun edit
i f (plural íes)
- name of the letter I
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See y.
Conjunction edit
i
Sranan Tongo edit
Pronoun edit
i
Sumerian edit
Romanization edit
i
Swabian edit
Pronoun edit
i
Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Swedish ī, from Old Norse í, from Proto-Germanic *in.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
i (verb particle)
- used to signify that an action is done with intensity
Derived terms edit
Preposition edit
i
- in; located inside
- in; specifies a place, a region or a country
- Kim bor i Stockholm, som ligger i Sverige.
- Kim lives in Stockholm which lies in Sweden.
- (about time) to; before a full hour or, if used in the phrase "fem i halv", a half-hour
- Antonym: (past) över
- Middag serveras mellan sex och kvart i åtta varje kväll.
- Dinner is served between six and quarter to eight every evening.
- (about time) for; duration
- Jag sover i flera timmar.
- I sleep for several hours.
- (in various constructions) last, previous
- i måndags
- last Monday
- i julas
- last Christmas
Usage notes edit
In definition 5, (last, previous) the following noun gets a suffix -s (weekdays: i måndags) or -as (seasons: i höstas, certain holidays, e.g. jul, midsommar, påsk, pingst). Other holidays instead use förra, senaste, sista, e.g. förra nyåret.
Derived terms edit
- I
- i akt
- i dag
- i det (att)
- i ett
- i fatt
- i fjol
- i fjor
- i fred
- i fråga
- i gång
- i höstas
- i julas
- i jåns
- i kapp
- i kraft
- i kväll
- i land
- i midsomras
- i morgon
- i morron
- i morse
- i måndags
- i natt
- i pingstas
- i påskas
- i somras
- i stånd
- i stället
- i synnerhet
- i sänder
- i vintras
- i våras
- i väg
- i-balk
- i-järn
- i-land
- i-ljud
- i-omljud
- i-stål
- iaktta
- ibland
- iblanda
- idag
- idriftsättning
- idrifttagande
- idrifttagning
- ifall
- ifatt
- ifjol
- ifjor
- ifred
- ifråga
- ifrågakomma
- ifrågasätta
- ifrågasättande
- ifrågavarande
- ifrån
- ifylla
- ifyllnad
- ifyllning
- iföra
- igen
- igång
- igångkörning
- igångsätta
- ihakning
- ihjäl
- ihop
- ihåg
- ihålig
- ihållande
- ihälld
- ihällning
- ihängande
- ihängsen
- ihärdig
- ijåns
- ikapp
- iklä
- ikläda
- ikraft
- ikring
- ikull
- ikväll
- iland
- ilasta
- ilastning
- iläggning
- iläggsskiva
- imatning
- imorgon
- imorron
- inatt
- ini
- inuti
- iordninggjord
- iordninglagd
- iordningställa
- iplockad
- iplockning
- iråkad
- iröra
- iscensätta
- iscensättare
- iscensättning
- isittande
- iskarvning
- iskruvning
- iskuren
- islag
- islagen
- islagning
- istadarätt
- istadig
- istickning
- istoppad
- istoppning
- istoppstäcke
- istånd
- istället
- iständsätta
- isydd
- isyning
- isynnerhet
- isåning
- isänder
- isär
- isättning
- itu
- ituta
- ity
- itänd
- iväg
- iögonenfallande
- iögonfallande
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
from Proto-Germanic *ek.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- (pitemål) I
References edit
- i in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- i in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- i in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- i in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Tagalog edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Spanish i. Each pronunciation has a different source:
- Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English i.
- Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜁ (i).
- Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish i.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: i
- (letter name, Filipino alphabet): IPA(key): /ˈʔaj/, [ˈʔaɪ̯]
- (letter name, Abakada alphabet, Abecedario): IPA(key): /ʔi/, [ʔɪ]
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /i/, [ɪ]
- Rhymes: -aj, -i
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌ᜔)
- The ninth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Filipino alphabet), called ay and written in the Latin script.
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I, Baybayin spelling ᜁ)
- The eighth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abakada alphabet), called i and written in the Latin script.
- (historical) The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abecedario), called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Noun edit
i (Baybayin spelling ᜁ)
- the name of the Latin-script letter I, in the Abakada alphabet.
- Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) ay
- (historical) the name of the Latin-script letter I, in the Abecedario.
- Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) ay
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
From English ee, the English name of the letter E/e.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i (Baybayin spelling ᜁ)
- the name of the Latin-script letter E, in the Filipino alphabet.
- Synonym: (in the Abakada alphabet and Abecedario) e
See also edit
- (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi
Further reading edit
- “i”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tahitian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Polynesian *i.
Preposition edit
i
Tarifit edit
Preposition edit
i (Tifinagh spelling ⵉ)
Tlingit edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- your (second-person singular possessive pronoun)
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Particle edit
i
Tokelauan edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Polynesian *i. Cognates include Hawaiian i and Samoan i.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
i
- in, on, at
- 1948, Tūlāfono fakavae a Tokelau [Constitution of Tokelau][5], page 1:
- Ko te fakavae tenei e matea i nā nuku ma kafai ona tagata e faifaimea fakatahi, ma nonofo fakatahi i te filemu ma te fiafia.
- This foundation is recognised in the villages and if their people repetedly do things together, and they live together in peace and happiness.
- on, during
- with, by, using
- because of
References edit
- R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary[6], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 26
Tongan edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Polynesian *i.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
i
Tupinambá edit
Pronoun edit
i
- He, she, it, they (with descriptive verbs)
- i porang ― he/she/it is / they are beautiful
- Him, her, it, them (with transitive verbs)
- a-i-kuab ― i know him/her/it/them
- His, her, its, their (with nouns)
- i py ― his/her/its/their foot/feet
- Him, her, it, them (before postpositions)
- i xupé ― to him/her/it/them
Turkish edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case İ)
- The twelfth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin script letters) harf; Aa, Bb, Cc, Çç, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Ğğ, Hh, Iı, İi, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Öö, Pp, Rr, Ss, Şş, Tt, Uu, Üü, Vv, Yy, Zz
Noun edit
i
- The name of the Latin-script letter İ.
See also edit
Turkmen edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (upper case I)
- The tenth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Vietnamese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French i or Portuguese i.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
Synonyms edit
Volapük edit
Adverb edit
i
Votic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
i
Particle edit
i
See also edit
- i ... i (“as ... so”)
References edit
- Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language][7], 2nd edition, Tallinn
Walloon edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Vulgar Latin *illī, from Classical Latin ille.
Pronoun edit
i
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Vulgar Latin illos, used in place of the missing third-person pronoun, from Latin illos, accusative plural of ille.
Pronoun edit
i
Related terms edit
Wano edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Willem Brurung, The Phonology of Wano, SIL Electronic Working Papers 2007-003 (2007), page 30
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative forms edit
- (with grave accent to indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel): ì
- (with acute accent to indicate unusually stressed short vowel): í
- (with circumflex to indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel): î
- (with diaeresis to indicate disyllabicity): ï
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The thirteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by h and followed by l.
Mutation edit
- i cannot mutate but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word iwrch (“roe deer”):
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
iwrch | unchanged | unchanged | hiwrch |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Derived terms edit
- Digraph sequences: iw
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
- (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol / u gwpan, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd
Noun edit
i f (plural ïau)
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
i | unchanged | unchanged | hi |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Brythonic *mi, from Proto-Celtic *mī.
Pronoun edit
i
See also edit
Etymology 3 edit
From Middle Welsh y, from Old Welsh di (pronounced /ði/), from Proto-Celtic *dū, related to Breton da (“to, for”), Cornish dhe (“to, for”), Irish do (“to, for”).
Preposition edit
i (triggers soft mutation)
- to, into (a place)
- Aethon nhw iʼr ysbyty.
- They went to the hospital.
- for (a recipient)
- Mae’r jem i Siân.
- The jewel is for Siân.
- Dw i’n prynu teiar newydd i’n car.
- I'm buying a new tyre for our car.
- that
- Maen nhw’n dweud iddi hi yfed gormod o gwrw.
- They say that she drank too much beer.
Usage notes edit
- I is often used to indicate direction "to" a place or "(in order) to" do an action in contrast to at, which indicates direction "to" a person.
- Rwy'n mynd i'r feddygfa. ― I'm going to the surgery.
- Rwy'n mynd i weld y meddyg. ― I'm going to see the surgery.
- Rwy'n mynd at y meddyg. ― I'm going to the doctor.
- See o for a similar distinction for "from".
- The literary language distinguishes between unemphatic personal forms and personal forms with emphasis on the pronoun.
- Rhaid inni fynd. ― We must go. (no particular emphasis)
- Rhaid i ni fynd. ― We must go. (emphasis on we)
- In less formal language, this distinction is not made in writing.
- Rhaid i ni fynd. ― We must go. (no particular emphasis)
- Used as a preterite tense form of ‘that’. The subject moves to the front of the subordinate clause, directly following i, and the verb changes back to its verbal noun form.
Inflection edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit
West Makian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
i
- (intransitive) to go
- nii i nopoli ― please go and buy
- (intransitive) to leave
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of i (action verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | tii | mii | ai | |
2nd person | nii | fii | ||
3rd person | inanimate | ii | dii | |
animate | ||||
imperative | nii, i | fii, i |
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
i
- still
- te ne isasafo i ― this tea is still hot
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
i
- makes a request or command more polite, please
- nii i nopoli ― please go and buy
- nifi sesine i ― please come up here
References edit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[8], Pacific linguistics
White Lachi edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Weera Ostapirat, Proto-Kra, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 23(1) (2000) (as ʔi) (see ASJP)
- ^ Tai-Kadai 100-wordlists, compiled by Ilya Peiros
- ^ Jerold A. Edmondson, kenneth J. Gregerson, Outlying Kam-Tai, in Mon-Khmer Studies 27
- ^ ABVD, citing Li Yunbing [李云兵], A Study of Lachi [拉基语硏究 / Laji yu yan jiu] (Beijing: 中央民族大学出版社 / Zhong yang min zu da xue chu ban she, 2000)
- ^ ABVD, citing Ryuichi Kosaka [小坂, 隆一], A descriptive study of the Lachi language: syntactic description, historical reconstruction and genetic relation (2000, PhD dissertation, Tokyo: Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
Yola edit
Preposition edit
i [1]
- Alternative form of ing (“in”)
- 1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, lines 15[2]:
- Maa bee haghed i more caar an angish than Ich."
- May be upset in more care and hardship than I."
- 1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, lines 11[2]:
- Or i a vaarin gees a shaar,
- Or of the fairing give us a share,
References edit
- ^ Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 47
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
Yoruba edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The tenth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called í and written in the Latin script.
Noun edit
í
- The name of the Latin-script letter I.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
- As used in Benin: (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y
- (Latin-script letter names) lẹ́tà; á, bí, dí, é, ẹ́, fí, gí, gbì, hí, í, jí, kí, lí, mí, ní, ó, ọ́, pí, rí, sí, ṣí, tí, ú, wí, yí
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Particle edit
í
- Used to express the progressive tense in negative constructions.
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
i
- him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a high-tone /i/)
Pronoun edit
í
- him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a low- or mid-tone /i/)
See also edit
singular | plural or honorific | |
---|---|---|
1st person | mi | wa |
2nd person | ọ / ẹ | yín |
3rd person | [preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs] / ẹ̀ | wọn |
Yuqui edit
Noun edit
i
References edit
- Perry N. Priest, A contribution to comparative studies in the Guaraní linguistic family, Language Sciences 9(1): 17-20, page 18 (1987)
- L. Villafañe, Gramática Yuki. Lengua Tupí-Guaraní de Bolivia (Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ediciones del Rectorado, 2004), page 302
Zia edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *inda.
Noun edit
i
Zou edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Particle edit
i
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Particle edit
ì
References edit
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 62
Zulu edit
Letter edit
i (lower case, upper case I)
- The ninth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.