𐎠𐎿𐎲𐎠𐎼

Old Persian

Etymology

PIE word
*h₁éḱwos

From Proto-Iranian *Hacwabāráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haćwabʰāras. Analyzable as 𐎠𐎿 (asa, “horse”) +‎ 𐎲𐎠𐎼 (bāra-, “carried by, rider”), the latter from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. See also Ասպուրակէս (Aspurakēs).

Noun

𐎠𐎿𐎲𐎠𐎼 (a-s-b-a-r /asabāra/)

1. horseman

Descendants

• Middle Persian: ʾswbʾl, ʾsp̄wʾl (/⁠aswār⁠/)
  • Classical Persian: سوار (suwār) (see there for further descendants)

    Iranian Persian: سوار (sovâr, savâr)

    Tajik: савор (savor)

    • → Gurani: سوار (swār), سوارە (swāra)
    • → Kurdish:

      Northern Kurdish: siwar

      Central Kurdish: سوار (swar)

      Southern Kurdish: سووار (suwar)

    • → Lurish:

      Northern Luri: سۋار (süār)

      • Silakhori: سڤار (sevār)

      Bakhtiari: سڤار (sevār)

      Southern Luri: سڤار (sevār)

  • → Arabic: أُسْوَار (ʔuswār), إِسْوَار (ʔiswār), الأَسَاوِرَة pl (al-ʔasāwira), الأَسَاوِر pl (al-ʔasāwir)
    • → Persian: اسوار (osvâr), اساوره pl (asâvere), اساور pl (asâver)
  • → Bactrian: ασβαρο (asbaro)
  • → Persian: اسوار (asvâr, esvâr), اسواران pl (asvârân)
  • → Classical Syriac: ܐܣܘܪ (eswār)
  • → Old Gujarati: असवार (asavāra)
    • Gujarati: અસવાર (asavār)
    • Marwari:

      Devanagari script: असवार (asvār)

      Mahajani script: 𑅐𑅰𑅯𑅭 (asvr)

• → Parthian: 𐭀𐭎𐭁𐭓𐭉 (ʾsbry)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “اسوار”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “aswār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 13
• Kent, Roland G. (1950) Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon, New Haven: American Oriental Society, page 173b
• Prods Oktor Skjaervo (December 15, 1987), "ASWĀR", Encyclopædia Iranica