Ancient Greek edit

Pronunciation edit

 

Etymology 1 edit

Related to -άζω (-ázō, verb-forming suffix) and possibly -ων (-ōn). Cognate with Sanskrit -अत् (-at) and Hittite -𒀭𒍝.

Suffix edit

-ᾰ́ς (-ásf (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension

  1. Forms nouns with participial function.
    λᾰ́μπω (lámpō, shine) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎λαμπάς (lampás, torch)
    φεύγω (pheúgō, to flee) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎φυγάς (phugás, an exile)
  2. Forms nouns with collective function.
    νείφω (neíphō, to snow) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎νιφάς (niphás, snowstorm)
  3. Forms designations of young animals.
    κεμάς (kemás, pricket)
  4. Forms derivatives of nasal stems extended with -t-.
    ἰκμαίνω (ikmaínō, to moisten) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἰκμάς (ikmás, moisture)
    ἐμβαίνω (embaínō, to enter) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἐμβάς (embás, slipper)
  5. Forms abstract or collective nouns of number from numerals.
    δέκᾰ (déka, ten) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎δεκάς (dekás, the number ten, group of ten)
Usage notes edit

If a verb-stem varies in grade, the resulting noun is usually in the o-grade (or, failing that, the zero-grade), e.g. στρέφω (stréphō)στροφάς (strophás); νείφω (neíphō)νιφάς (niphás). The resulting substantive usually has nominal force, but sometimes has adjectival force.

Inflection edit

References edit

  • Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 354
  • Birgit A. Olsen (1989), “A Trace of Indo-European Accent in Armenian”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics[1], page 235-240

Etymology 2 edit

Possibly related to -ις (-is), also to Etymology 1. The form -ιάς (-iás) comes from analogy to forms like Θεστιάς (Thestiás) from Θέστιος (Théstios).

Alternative forms edit

Suffix edit

-ᾰ́ς (-ásf (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension

  1. Forms feminine adjectives or nouns.
    Δηλιάς (Dēliás, female Delian)
  2. Forms female patronymics from name of father.
    Θεστιάς (Thestiás, daughter of Thestius)
Inflection edit

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

See also edit

References edit

  • Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 845

Greek edit

Etymology edit

From Ancient Greek -άς (-ás).

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-άς (-ásm (feminine -ού)

  1. added to another noun to create agent nouns:
    μύλος ("mill") → μυλωνάς ("miller")
    γάλα ("milk") → γαλατάς ("milkman", "dairyman"")
    γυναίκα ("woman") → γυναικάς ("womaniser")
    φαγητό ("food") → φαγάς ("gourmand", "greedy guts")

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit