Wiktionary

-an

See also: Appendix:Variations of "an"

English edit

Alternative forms edit

  • -ian (euphonic variant, also spelled -aean or -æan)
  • -n (when added to a word ending in a)

Etymology edit

From Middle English -an, regularly -ain, -ein, -en, from Old French -ain, -ein, or before i, -en (modern French -ain, -en, feminine -aine, -enne), from Latin -ānus (feminine -āna), which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun, being -nus [cognate with Ancient Greek -νος (-nos)] preceded by a vowel, from Proto-Indo-European *-nós. Cognate with English -en. Compare with -in, -ine.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Of or pertaining to; an adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. (Often added to words of Latin origin, but also used with words of other origins. When a word ends in a, -n is used instead.)
    Synonyms: -al, -ar, -ese, -esque, -ic, -id, -ish, -like, -oid, -ous, -y
    ‎Rome + ‎-an → ‎Roman
  2. Appended to nouns to form an agent noun. (When males with a profession are distinguished from females, males are -an, females -(i)enne.)
    ‎comedy + ‎-an → ‎comedian
    ‎history + ‎-an → ‎historian

Derived terms edit

English terms suffixed with -an

Translations edit

Anagrams edit

Azerbaijani edit

Suffix edit

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü
postconsonantal -an -ən
postvocalic -yan -yən

-an

  1. Postconsonantal form of -ən after the vowels A / I / O / U.

Bikol Central edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Philippine *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. a place where a large quantity of the thing meant by the root is put, planted, or can be found
    ‎basura (“trash”) + ‎-an → ‎basurahan (“trash can”)
  2. a place where the action expressed by the root is performed
    ‎kawat (“play”) + ‎-an → ‎kawatan (“playground”)

Chuukese edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. (added to possessive nouns) his, hers, its

Related terms edit

Chuukese possessive determiners
Small objects, concepts Large objects, living things Suffix
Singular First person ai nei -ei
Second person omw, om noum -om
Third person an noun -an
Plural First person äm (exclusive)
ach (inclusive)		 nöu̇m (exclusive)
nöüch (inclusive)		 -em (exclusive)
-ach (inclusive)
Second person ämi, ami noumi -emi
Third person ar nour -er

Cimbrian edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German -en, a merger of various terminations in Old High German reflecting different conjugational patterns, namely -an, -ōn, -en (-ien), and -nen, from Proto-Germanic *-aną, *-ōną, *-janą, *-āną, and *-naną. Cognate with German -en.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. A suffix of all verbs in their infinitive form.

Czech edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Czech -ěnín, from Proto-Slavic *-janinъ.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-an m anim (noun-forming suffix, feminine -anka)

  1. forms nouns, including inhabitant names

Derived terms edit

Czech terms suffixed with -an

Further reading edit

  • -an in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Esperanto edit

Suffix edit

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-an

  1. Obsolete form of -am.

See also edit

Finnish edit

Etymology 1 edit

From earlier -han, -hVn (now dialectal), from Proto-Finnic *-hën, *-sën (passive or reflexive suffix), the same as the third-person singular possessive suffix (see the possessive suffix entry on -Vn). Initial -ta- is from the passive marker *-tta-.

Suffix edit

-an (front vowel harmony variant -än, linguistic notation -An)

  1. (personal) Forms the impersonal indicative present forms of verbs, appended to the first infinitive.
Usage notes edit

Attached to the passive verb stem.

Etymology 2 edit

See -Vn (illative suffix).

Suffix edit

-an (front vowel harmony variant -än, linguistic notation -An)

  1. (case suffix) A suffix variant for the illative singular, see -Vn.
    ‎laiva + ‎-an → ‎laivaan

Etymology 3 edit

See -Vn (possessive suffix).

Suffix edit

-an (front vowel harmony variant -än, linguistic notation -An)

  1. (possessive) A variant for the third-person suffix -nsa.
Usage notes edit

See the usage notes under -Vn and -nsa.

Anagrams edit

Fula edit

Affix edit

-an

  1. (Pulaar) indicates that the subject is doing the verb for someone or something
    ‎defde (“to cook”) + ‎-an → ‎defande (“to cook for someone”)

References edit

  • M. Niang, Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.

Hungarian edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix edit

-an

  2. (deadjectival adverb-forming suffix) Added to an adjective to create an adverb.
    ‎pontos (“accurate”) + ‎-an → ‎pontosan (“accurately”)
  4. (denumeral and depronominal adverb-forming suffix) Added to a numeral or a pronoun with this sense to create an adverb, expressing the number of people.
    ‎hat (“six”) + ‎-an → ‎hatan (“six people, six of us/you/them”)
    Hatan mentünk moziba. ― Six of us went to the cinema.
    ‎nyolc (“eight”) + ‎-an → ‎nyolcan (“eight people, eight of us/you/them”)
    Nyolcan vannak a szobában. ― There are eight people in the room.
    ‎hány (“how many”) + ‎-an → ‎hányan (“how many (of us/you/them)”)
    ‎néhány (“some, a few”) + ‎-an → ‎néhányan (“some (of us/you/them)”)
    ‎sok (“many”) + ‎-an → ‎sokan (“many (of us/you/them)”)
    Sokan vannak a meghívottak, de kevesen a választottak. ― For many are called, but few are chosen.
    ‎millió (“million”) + ‎-an → ‎millióan (“a million (of us/you/them)”)
Usage notes edit
  • (deadjectival adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -n is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -an is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -on is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -en is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant, as well as some front-vowel words ending in a vowel. Their original word-final vowel may be lost (e.g. könnyű) or supplemented with a consonant (e.g. bő, hű).
  • (denumeral and depronominal adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -n is added to some (very few) words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -an is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -en is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant, as well as some front-vowel words ending in a vowel. Their original word-final vowel may be lost (e.g. kettő).
Derived terms edit
Hungarian adverbs suffixed with -an

Etymology 2 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix edit

-an

  2. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a stem ― often an onomatopoeia ― to form a verb expressing an instantaneous action.
    kattan (“to click, to make one clicking sound”)
    robban (“to explode”)
Usage notes edit
  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -on is added to some back-vowel words
    -an is added to back-vowel words
    -en is added to front-vowel words
Derived terms edit
Hungarian verbs suffixed with -an

See also edit

Further reading edit

Indonesian edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Malay -an, from Classical Malay -ان (an), from Proto-Malayic *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Added to a noun
    1. Suffix for collectivity
      ‎laut (“sea”) + ‎-an → ‎lautan (“ocean”)
    2. Suffix for place
      ‎pangkal (“origin”) + ‎-an → ‎pangkalan (“base”)
    3. Suffix for value
      ‎ribu (“thousand”) + ‎-an → ‎ribuan
    4. Suffix for measurement result; -s
      ‎kilo (“kilo”) + ‎-an → ‎kiloan
    5. (colloquial) -s; Suffix for quantity (about value)
      ‎ratus (“hundred”) + ‎-an → ‎ratusan (“hundreds”)
    6. -ly, specifying time intervals, having the sense of "occurring at such intervals".
      ‎hari (“day”) + ‎-an → ‎harian (“daily”)
  2. Added to an verb to create an noun
    1. Suffix for object
      ‎makan (“to eat”) + ‎-an → ‎makanan (“food”)
    2. Suffix for place
      ‎kubur (“to bury”) + ‎-an → ‎kuburan (“grave”)
    3. Suffix for result
      ‎didik (“to educate”) + ‎-an → ‎didikan
    4. Suffix for tool
      ‎timbang (“to weigh”) + ‎-an → ‎timbangan (“balance”)
    5. Suffix for way or method
      ‎pimpin (“to lead”) + ‎-an → ‎pimpinan (“leader”)
  3. Added to an adjective to create an noun
    1. Suffix for having property
      ‎asin (“salty”) + ‎-an → ‎asinan (“pickle”)
    2. (colloquial) Suffix for intensity (quality or quantity)
      ‎tinggi (“high”) + ‎-an → ‎tinggian (“higher”)
  4. Suffix for similarity

Etymology 2 edit

Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).

Suffix edit

-an

  1. verb-forming
    1. (colloquial) to use of [base]
      ‎sepeda (“bicycle”) + ‎-an → ‎sepedaan (“to ride a bicycle”)
    2. (colloquial) to hold or to have [base]
      ‎selamat (“safe”) + ‎-an → ‎selamatan (“to celebrate with offerings to the spirits to assure the safety”)
      ‎rujak (“a kind of salad”) + ‎-an → ‎rujakan (“to have rujak to be eaten or made”)
    3. (colloquial) to do as indicated by the [base]
      ‎sendiri (“alone”) + ‎-an → ‎sendirian (“by oneself”)
  2. noun-forming
    1. (colloquial) the location of [base]
      ‎sekolah (“school”) + ‎-an → ‎sekolahan (“school complex”)
    2. (colloquial) the cost of [base]
      ‎becak (“rickshaw”) + ‎-an → ‎becakan (“rickshaw fare”)
    3. (colloquial) [base]-usage
      ‎sepeda (“bicycle”) + ‎-an → ‎sepedaan (“bicycle-riding”)
    4. (colloquial) event of [base]
      ‎selamat (“safe”) + ‎-an → ‎selamatan (“celebration with offerings to the spirits to assure the safety”)
      ‎rujak (“a kind of salad”) + ‎-an → ‎rujakan (“rujak eating or production”)
      ‎susu (“milk”) + ‎-an → ‎susuan (“breast-feeding period”)

Etymology 3 edit

Semantic loan from Javanese -ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ (-en).

Suffix edit

-an

  1. (colloquial) suffering of [base]
    ‎koreng (“ulcer”) + ‎-an → ‎korengan (“serious infection disease”)
    ‎uban (“grey hair”) + ‎-an → ‎ubanan (“grey haired condition”)

Derived terms edit

Indonesian terms suffixed with -an

References edit

  • Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa (2017) Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia [Standard Grammar of Indonesian Language]‎[1] (in Indonesian), 4 edition, Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, archived from the original on 13 June 2022
  • James N. Sneddon (2010) Indonesian : a comprehensive grammar, 2 edition, London: Roultedge, →ISBN, →OCLC

Malay edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Malayic *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-an (Jawi spelling -ان)

  1. Suffix for collectivity
  2. Suffix for similarity
  3. Suffix for object
  4. Suffix for place
  5. Suffix for instrument
    ‎bangun (“to wake up, to get up”) + ‎-an → ‎bangunan (“building”)

Manx edit

Etymology edit

From Old Irish -án, from Primitive Irish -ᚐᚌᚅᚔ (-agni).

Suffix edit

-an m

  1. Alternative form of -ane

Derived terms edit

Manx terms suffixed with -an

Mokilese edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Used to form stative verbs from nouns

Ojibwe edit

Final edit

-an

  1. be in a state or condition

Derived terms edit

See also edit

References edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. A suffix denoting the plural of an inanimate noun
  2. A suffix denoting the obviative form of an animate noun
  3. A suffix denoting the second-person singular imperative of a transitive inanimate verb (vti)

Usage notes edit

As the suffix denoting the second-person singular imperative form, -an also acts as the class marker for unmarked (-am theme) transitive inanimate verbs (vti).

See also edit

Old English edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Germanic *-aną.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. (verbal suffix) used to form the infinitive of most verbs (exceptions are verbs like flēon (“to flee”))
    singan ― to sing
    niman ― to take

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-West Germanic *-anā, from Proto-Germanic *-anē.

Alternative forms edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Forms adverbs with ablative direction.
    ēastan ― from the east
    westan ― from the west

Old Galician-Portuguese edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Latin -ant.

Suffix edit

-an (1st conj.)

  1. a suffix indicating the third-person plural indicative present of a verb in -ar
    ‎amar (“to love”) + ‎-an → ‎aman (“[They] love”)
    ‎cantar (“to sing”) + ‎-an → ‎cantan (“[They] sing”)

Descendants edit

  • Galician: -an
  • Portuguese: -am

Old Norse edit

Etymology 1 edit

Presumably from Proto-Germanic *-ōniz.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. (deverbative suffix) Used to derive nouns from class 2 weak verbs.
    ‎friða (“to pacify”) + ‎-an → ‎friðan (“pacifying”)
    ‎sanna (“to assert, prove”) + ‎-an → ‎sannan (“assertion, confirmation”)
    ‎synja (“to deny”) + ‎-an → ‎synjan (“denial”)
Derived terms edit
Old Norse terms suffixed with -an
Old Norse terms suffixed with -un

Etymology 2 edit

Inherited from Proto-Norse -ᚨᚾᚨ (-ana), from Proto-Germanic *-anē.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Forms adverbs with ablative direction.
Derived terms edit
Old Norse terms suffixed with -an (ablative adverb)

Etymology 3 edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. strong accusative singular ending of adjectives

Old Saxon edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *-aną.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. (verbal suffix) used to form the infinitive of strong verbs (exceptions are a few verbs ending in -ian like biddian or liggian)
    drinkan (“to drink”)
    hwerƀan (“to travel”)

Phalura edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Third person plural suffix

Alternative forms edit

  • -íin (With e-ending verb stems)
  • -óon (With a-ending verb stems)
  • -en (Biori)
  • -éen (With e-ending verb stems in Biori)
  • -áan (With a-ending verb stems in Biori)

References edit

  • Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[2], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Polish edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /an/
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: an

Suffix edit

-an m

  1. (chemistry) -ate, used to form names of derivates of oxyacids whose name ends with -owy (-ic)
    ‎chlor (“chlorine”) + ‎-an → ‎chloran (“chlorate”)
  2. forms people
    ‎młody + ‎-an → ‎młodzian

Declension edit

Inanimate declension:

Declension of -an
singular plural
nominative -an -any
genitive -anu -anów
dative -anowi -anom
accusative -an -any
instrumental -anem -anami
locative -anie -anach
vocative -anie -any

Animate declension:

Declension of -an
singular plural
nominative -an -ani/-any (deprecative)
genitive -ana -anów
dative -anowi -anom
accusative -ana -anów
instrumental -anem -anami
locative -anie -anach
vocative -anie -ani

Derived terms edit

Polish terms suffixed with -an

Further reading edit

  • -an in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Latin -anus.

Suffix edit

-an m or n (feminine singular -ană, masculine plural -ani, feminine and neuter plural -ane)

  1. Forms adjectives and nouns describing things and characteristics of a city, region, or country; -an
    ‎Australia (“Australia”) + ‎-an → ‎australian (“Australian”)
    ‎America (“America”) + ‎-an → ‎american (“American”)
Usage notes edit

For the countries that end in -ia, the plural form of the suffix is -ieni when masculine and -iene when feminine/neuter.

Etymology 2 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix edit

-an m or n (feminine singular -ană, masculine plural -ani, feminine and neuter plural -ane)

  1. Added to nouns and adjectives as an augmentative suffix.
    ‎gras (“fat”) + ‎-an → ‎grăsan (“fatso”)
  2. Forms names of male animals.
    ‎gâscă (“goose”) + ‎-an → ‎gâscan (“gander”)
Declension edit
Declension of -an
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite -an -ană -ani -ane
definite -anul -ana -anii -anele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite -an -ane -ani -ane
definite -anului -anei -anilor -anelor
Derived terms edit
Romanian terms suffixed with -an

Scottish Gaelic edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Irish -án, from Primitive Irish -ᚐᚌᚅᚔ (-agni).

Pronunciation edit

Usage notes edit

The non-schwa clear vowel /a/ distinguishes this from the homograph plural suffix -an which is pronounced /ən/ i.e. with a schwa.

Suffix edit

-an m

  1. A masculine suffix used to form nouns meaning a smaller form of something, often used for male given names.
    Cailean, Eòghan, Ailean, Beathan
    clàran, clachan, bioran

Etymology 2 edit

Cognate to Irish -anna, Manx -yn.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-an pl

  1. Used to form regular plurals of nouns.
    ‎clach (“stone”) + ‎-an → ‎clachan
    ‎damh (“ox, stag”) + ‎-an → ‎damhan
    ‎leannan (“lover, sweetheart”) + ‎-an → ‎leannanan
Derived terms edit
Scottish Gaelic terms suffixed with -an

Serbo-Croatian edit

Etymology 1 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix edit

-an (Cyrillic spelling -ан)

  1. Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a (often negative) feature or endearment.

Etymology 2 edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ.

Suffix edit

-an (Cyrillic spelling -ан)

  1. Suffix appended to words to create an adjective.
    ‎jad(iti) + ‎-an → ‎jadan (“miserable”)
Derived terms edit
Serbo-Croatian terms suffixed with -an

See also edit

Spanish edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Latin -ant, the third-person plural present active indicative ending of first conjugation verbs.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Suffix indicating the third-person plural (also used with ustedes) present indicative of -ar verbs.

Etymology 2 edit

From Latin -eant, Latin -ant, and Latin -iant, the third-person plural present active subjunctive endings of second, third, and fourth conjugation verbs, respectively.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Suffix indicating the third-person plural (also used with ustedes) present subjunctive of -er and -ir verbs.
  2. Suffix indicating the third-person plural imperative of -er and -ir verbs.
See also edit

Swedish edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Norse -an.

Suffix edit

-an

  2. making a noun from a verb, similar to -ing and -ning, having -ningar as the plural.
    ‎predika (“to preach”) + ‎-an → ‎predikan (“a sermon”)

Etymology 2 edit

Ultimately from Latin -anus.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. -an; making a noun, describing a person by belief or nationality
    ‎Tibet + ‎-an → ‎tibetan
    ‎Luther + ‎-an → ‎lutheran
    vegetarian

Derived terms edit

Swedish terms suffixed with -an (verbal noun)
Swedish terms suffixed with -an

Anagrams edit

Tagalog edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Philippine *-an, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-an, from Proto-Austronesian *-an.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-an (verb-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ◌ᜈ᜔ or ᜀᜈ᜔)

  1. object trigger: to do something to a person or a thing
    Buksan mo ang pinto. ― (You) open the door (door is focused).)
  2. object trigger: to cause something to become; to make
    Binagalan ni Sue ang kotse. ― Sue slowed down the car. (The car is focused.)
  3. directional trigger: to do something in the (physical or psychological) direction of
    Tinitingnan ko ang manwal. ― I'm looking at the manual. (The manual is focused).)
  4. benefactive trigger: to do something for
    Titirhan ko si Roy ng keyk. ― I'll leave some cake for Roy. (Roy is focused).)
  5. object trigger: (with root word reduplication) to do something occasionally, at random, a little, a bit, now and then or here and there
    Winawalis-walisan; ko ang sahig. ― I'm sweeping the floor a bit. (The floor is focused).)
  6. directional trigger: (with root word reduplication) to do something in the (physical or psychological) direction of, occasionally, at random, a little, a bit, now and then or here and there
    Tinutulung-tulungan ni Jessy si Patty. ― Jessy helped Patty a bit. (Patty is focused).)
  7. object trigger: to perform the action of the verb on something
    Huwag mong sulatan ang dokumento. ― Don't write anything on the document.

Suffix edit

-an (noun-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ◌ᜈ᜔ or ᜀᜈ᜔)

  1. Forms locative nouns expressing where a large quantity of the thing meant by the root is put, planted, or can be found
    ‎aklat (“book”) + ‎-an → ‎aklatan (“library”)
    ‎basura (“trash”) + ‎-an → ‎basurahan (“trash can”)
  2. Forms locative nouns where the action expressed by the root is performed
    ‎kain (“eat”) + ‎-an → ‎kainan (“place where people eat e.g. restaurant, café,...”)
  3. Forms nouns expressing period in which the action expressed by the root is collectively performed
    ‎ani (“harvest”) + ‎-an → ‎anihan (“harvest time”)
    ‎pasok (“entry, class, work”) + ‎-an → ‎pasukan (“school time, school year”)
  4. Forms nouns indicating a tool or an object that is used to perform what is meant by the root
    ‎oras (“time”) + ‎-an → ‎orasan (“clock, watch”)
    ‎timbang (“weight”) + ‎-an → ‎timbangan (“weighing scale”)
  5. Forms nouns signifying reciprocal or joint performance of the action expressed by the root
    ‎sayaw (“dance”) + ‎-an → ‎sayawan (“dancing together”)
    ‎kanta (“sing”) + ‎-an → ‎kantahan (“singing together”)
  6. Used to create a diminutive, pretensive, or imitative form of something (used with reduplication of root word)
    ‎bahay (“house”) + ‎-an → ‎bahay-bahayan (“toy house”)
    ‎Diyos (“God”) + ‎-an → ‎diyos-diyosan (“false god”)
    ‎baril (“gun”) + ‎-an → ‎baril-barilan (“toy gun”)

Suffix edit

-an (adverb-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ◌ᜈ᜔ or ᜀᜈ᜔)

  1. (appended to numbers) Used to indicate groups.
    ‎tatlo (“three”) + ‎-an → ‎tatluhan (“in threes, three at a time”)
    ‎dalawampu (“twenty”) + ‎-an → ‎dalawampuan (“in groups of twenty, twenty at a time”)

Usage notes edit

  • Normally, /h/ is inserted before -an when a root word ending with a vowel is not followed by a glottal stop. In some cases, phoneme change can occur and /h/ becomes /n/.
    ‎ganti + ‎-an → ‎gantihan
    ‎talo + ‎-an → ‎talunan
  • Sometimes, the final vowel of the root word disappears when the suffix is added.
    ‎sunod + ‎-an → ‎sundan
    ‎takip + ‎-an → ‎takpan
  • Due to allophony, /d/ turns into /r/ when inserted before -an.
    ‎buklod + ‎-an → ‎bukluran
    ‎bakod + ‎-an → ‎bakuran
    ‎bayad + ‎-an → ‎bayaran

Derived terms edit

Tagalog terms suffixed with -an

Related terms edit

Turkish edit

Etymology edit

From Ottoman Turkish ـان (-an), from Old Anatolian Turkish [Term?], from Proto-Turkic *-gan.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Creates non-past participles.
    ‎oturmak (“to sit”) + ‎-an → ‎oturan (“(someone) who sits”)
    ‎kırılmak (“to be broken”) + ‎-an → ‎kırılan (“(something) that gets broken”)

Volapük edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. Used to indicate someone who is or does something

Derived terms edit

Volapük terms suffixed with -an

Welsh edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Celtic *-agnos.

Suffix edit

-an

  1. diminutive suffix, -let
    ‎bwyell (“axe”) + ‎-an → ‎bwyellan (“small axe, hatchet”)
    ‎gwraig (“woman, wife”) + ‎-an → ‎gwreigan (“little woman, little wife”)
    ‎barf (“beard”) + ‎-an → ‎barfan (“little beard, goatee, whiskers”)
  2. person or object with characteristics of the root word
    ‎mud (“mute”) + ‎-an → ‎mudan (“mute person”)
    ‎llai (“grey”) + ‎-an → ‎lleian (“nun”)
    ‎crwm (“crooked, curved”) + ‎-an → ‎cryman (“sickle, pruning hook”)
  3. used to form pet names
    ‎Gwen + ‎-an → ‎Gwennan
    ‎Dai + ‎-an → ‎Deian
    ‎Elisabeth + ‎-an → ‎Bethan

Etymology 2 edit

Alternative forms edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. verbnoun suffix

Etymology 3 edit

Suffix edit

-an

  1. (colloquial) verb suffix for the third-person future plural
Derived terms edit
Welsh terms suffixed with -an

References edit

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-an”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

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