-da
Azerbaijani edit
Cyrillic | -да | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | ـدا |
Suffix edit
preceding vowel | |
---|---|
A / I / O / U | E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü |
-da | -də |
-da
- Form of -də after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Usage notes edit
This suffix is to be preceded by an additional n when the noun it is appended to already ends with another suffix's vowel.
- dostumun maşını → dostumun maşınında
- my friend's car → in my friend's car
Derived terms edit
See -də.
Basque edit
Suffix edit
-da
- Alternative form of -ta
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Variously from Proto-Finnic *-dak, *-tak.
Suffix edit
-da (front vowel harmony variant -dä, linguistic notation -dA)
- A suffix present in certain first infinitives, short form, the citation form of Finnish verbs.
Usage notes edit
When this suffix is omitted, what remains is the stem of the verb. With the verbs nähdä and tehdä, the consonant stem is left. The first consonant of the following word or enclitic is lengthened.
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-da
Usage notes edit
- (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | -da | -dák |
accusative | -dát | -dákat |
dative | -dának | -dáknak |
instrumental | -dával | -dákkal |
causal-final | -dáért | -dákért |
translative | -dává | -dákká |
terminative | -dáig | -dákig |
essive-formal | -daként | -dákként |
essive-modal | -dául | -dákul |
inessive | -dában | -dákban |
superessive | -dán | -dákon |
adessive | -dánál | -dáknál |
illative | -dába | -dákba |
sublative | -dára | -dákra |
allative | -dához | -dákhoz |
elative | -dából | -dákból |
delative | -dáról | -dákról |
ablative | -dától | -dáktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
-dáé | -dáké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
-dáéi | -dákéi |
Possessive forms of -da | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | -dám | -dáim |
2nd person sing. | -dád | -dáid |
3rd person sing. | -dája | -dái |
1st person plural | -dánk | -dáink |
2nd person plural | -dátok | -dáitok |
3rd person plural | -dájuk | -dáik |
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Ilocano edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ida, from Proto-Austronesian *ida.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
-da
- Third-person plural absolutive enclitic pronoun; they; them
- Sumakdoda idiay poso. ― They fetched water from the water pump.
- Third-person plural ergative enclitic pronoun; they
- Inusarda ti lapisko. ― They used my pencil.
- Third-person plural possessive marker; their
- Napardas ti kotseda. ― Their car is fast.
Usage notes edit
- When the ergative agent is also a pronoun, the absolutive patient becomes ida. See also usage notes at isuda.
- Inayabanda ni Thomas. ― Thomas called them.
- Inayabanna ida. ― He called them.
See also edit
Person | Number | Absolutive | Ergative | Oblique | Possessive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disjunctive | Enclitic | Enclitic3 | bági form | kukua form | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First | singular | siak | -ak | -ko, -k | kaniak | bagik | kukuak, kuak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dual | data, sita1 | -ta | kaniata, kadata | bagita | kukuata | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural inclusive | datayo, sitayo1 | -tayo, -tay | kaniatayo, kadatayo | bagitayo | kukuatayo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural exclusive | dakami, sikami1 | -kami, -kam | -mi | kaniami, kadakami | bagimi | kukuami | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Second | singular | sika | -ka | -mo, -m | kaniam, kenka | bagim | kukuam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | dakayo, sikayo1 | -kayo, -kay | -yo | kaniayo, kadakayo | bagiyo | kukuayo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Third | singular | isu, isuna | Ø2 | -na | kaniana, kenkuana | bagina | kukuana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | isuda | -da | kaniada, kadakuada | bagida | kukuada | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Regional variants. 2Null morpheme. There is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used. 3Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fused enclitics
|
Irish edit
Suffix edit
-da
- Alternative form of -ga
Kambera edit
Pronoun edit
-da
See also edit
Khalaj edit
Suffix edit
preceding vowel | |
---|---|
A / I / O / U | E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü |
-da | -də |
-da
- Form of -də after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Laboya edit
Pronoun edit
-da
See also edit
Murui Huitoto edit
Pronunciation edit
Classifier edit
-da
- Classifier for long and straight objects.
- Classifier for objects that resemble a valley.
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[1], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 194
Old Irish edit
Suffix edit
-da
- variant form of -de
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьda.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-da f
- (obsolete) forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- -da in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Scottish Gaelic edit
Suffix edit
-da
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish ده (-da, “locative suffix”), from Proto-Turkic *-te (“locative suffix”). Cognate with Karakhanid دا (-dā, “locative suffix”), Old Turkic 𐱃𐰀 (t¹a /-ta/, “locative suffix”).
Suffix edit
-da
Usage notes edit
- -da is used when the noun's last vowel is a back vowel.
- It could be -de, when the noun's last vowel is a front vowel.
- It could be -ta, when the noun's final consonant is unvoiced.
- It could be -te, after a front vowel followed by an unvoiced consonant.
- It becomes -nda ~ -nde following another suffix that ends in a vowel.
- kapağı + -da → kapağında
- çemberi + -da → çemberinde
- It must be used with an apostrophe following a proper noun.
- İspanya + -da → İspanya'da
Related terms edit
Uneapa edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Oceanic *-da, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, from Proto-Austronesian *-ta.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-da
- A first-person plural inclusive possessive suffix.
Further reading edit
- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)