Etymology 1
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Borrowed from Latin -eus.
Pronunciation
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- IPA(key): /e.o/ (stress falls on the preceding syllable)
- Hyphenation: -e‧o
-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee)
- used to form adjectives referring to the qualities of the root noun; -en, -eous, -ean
- used to form adjectives from materials or substances, indicating material composition:
- ferro (“iron”) + -eo → ferreo (“made of iron”)
- argento (“silver”) + -eo → argenteo (“made of silver”)
- acqua (“water”) + -eo → acqueo (“made of water, watery”)
- used to form relational adjectives from proper nouns:
- Cesare (“Caesar”) + -eo → cesareo (“Caesarean, of or pertaining to Julius Caesar”)
- Medici + -eo → mediceo (“of or pertaining to the Medici family”)
Usage notes
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- Some adjectives in -eo are borrowed directly from Latin and exhibit fossilized characteristics which are otherwise lost in the root noun:
Etymology 2
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Borrowed from Latin -aeus, from Ancient Greek -αῖος (-aîos).
Pronunciation
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- IPA(key): /ˈɛ.o/
- Rhymes: -ɛo
- Hyphenation: -è‧o
-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee) -eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ei, feminine -ea)
- used to form adjectives and nouns expressing relation to the root noun; -an, -ean
- forming ethnonyms from place names:
- Etna + -eo → etneo (“of or pertaining to mount Etna; person from or inhabitant of the Etna region”)
- Ragusa (city in Croatia) + -eo → raguseo (“of or pertaining to the city of Ragusa; person from or inhabitant of Ragusa”)
- forming relational adjectives from proper nouns:
- Euclide (“Euclid”) + -eo → euclideo (“Euclidean, pertaining to Euclid”)
- Augusto (“Augustus”) + -eo → augusteo (“Augustan, pertaining to emperor Augustus or his time”)
- forming relational adjectives from body parts:
- carotide (“carotid”) + -eo → carotideo (“pertaining to a carotid”)
- faringe (“pharynx”) + -eo → faringeo (“pharyngeal, pertaining to the pharynx”)
Derived terms
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Pronunciation
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Etymology 1
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From Proto-Italic *-ēō, from earlier *-ējō, from verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti (stative suffix) in which the first person singular always ended in *-éh₁yoh₂.
-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stem
- Forms stative verbs from adjectives.
- clārus (“clear”) + -eo → clāreō (“to be clear”)
- frīgus (“cold”) + -eo → frīgeō (“to be cold”)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)
|
indicative
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
-eō
|
-ēs
|
-et
|
-ēmus
|
-ētis
|
-ent
|
imperfect
|
-ēbam
|
-ēbās
|
-ēbat
|
-ēbāmus
|
-ēbātis
|
-ēbant
|
future
|
-ēbō
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-ēbis
|
-ēbit
|
-ēbimus
|
-ēbitis
|
-ēbunt
|
perfect
|
-uī
|
-uistī
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-uit
|
-uimus
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-uistis
|
-uērunt, -uēre
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pluperfect
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-ueram
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-uerās
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-uerat
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-uerāmus
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-uerātis
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-uerant
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future perfect
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-uerō
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-ueris
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-uerit
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-uerimus
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-ueritis
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-uerint
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sigmatic future1
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-ō, ēssō
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-is, ēssis
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-it, ēssit
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-imus, ēssimus
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-itis, ēssitis
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-int, ēssint
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passive
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present
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-eor
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-ēris, -ēre
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-ētur
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-ēmur
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-ēminī
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-entur
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imperfect
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-ēbar
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-ēbāris, -ēbāre
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-ēbātur
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-ēbāmur
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-ēbāminī
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-ēbantur
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future
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-ēbor
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-ēberis, -ēbere
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-ēbitur
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-ēbimur
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-ēbiminī
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-ēbuntur
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perfect
|
-itus + present active indicative of sum
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pluperfect
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-itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
|
future perfect
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-itus + future active indicative of sum
|
sigmatic future1
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-or, ēssor
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-eris, ēsseris
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-itur, ēssitur
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—
|
—
|
—
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subjunctive
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singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
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-eam
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-eās
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-eat
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-eāmus
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-eātis
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-eant
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imperfect
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-ērem
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-ērēs
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-ēret
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-ērēmus
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-ērētis
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-ērent
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perfect
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-uerim
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-uerīs
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-uerit
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-uerīmus
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-uerītis
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-uerint
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pluperfect
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-uissem
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-uissēs
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-uisset
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-uissēmus
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-uissētis
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-uissent
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sigmatic aorist1
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-im, ēssim
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-īs, ēssīs
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-īt, ēssīt
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-īmus, ēssīmus
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-ītis, ēssītis
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-int, ēssint
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passive
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present
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-ear
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-eāris, -eāre
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-eātur
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-eāmur
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-eāminī
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-eantur
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imperfect
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-ērer
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-ērēris, -ērēre
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-ērētur
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-ērēmur
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-ērēminī
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-ērentur
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perfect
|
-itus + present active subjunctive of sum
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pluperfect
|
-itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
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imperative
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
—
|
-ē
|
—
|
—
|
-ēte
|
—
|
future
|
—
|
-ētō
|
-ētō
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—
|
-ētōte
|
-entō
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passive
|
present
|
—
|
-ēre
|
—
|
—
|
-ēminī
|
—
|
future
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—
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-ētor
|
-ētor
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—
|
—
|
-entor
|
non-finite forms
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active
|
passive
|
present
|
perfect
|
future
|
present
|
perfect
|
future
|
infinitives
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-ēre
|
-uisse
|
-itūrum esse
|
-ērī
|
-itum esse
|
-itum īrī
|
participles
|
-ēns
|
—
|
-itūrus
|
—
|
-itus
|
-endus
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verbal nouns
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gerund
|
supine
|
genitive
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dative
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accusative
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ablative
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accusative
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ablative
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-endī
|
-endō
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-endum
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-endō
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-itum
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-itū
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1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2
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From Proto-Italic *-eō, from causative/frequentative verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (causative suffix) in which the first person singular ended in *-éyoh₂.
-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stem
- (no longer productive) Forms causative verbs from primary (third conjugation and some fourth conjugation) verbs.
Conjugation
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Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)
|
indicative
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
-eō
|
-ēs
|
-et
|
-ēmus
|
-ētis
|
-ent
|
imperfect
|
-ēbam
|
-ēbās
|
-ēbat
|
-ēbāmus
|
-ēbātis
|
-ēbant
|
future
|
-ēbō
|
-ēbis
|
-ēbit
|
-ēbimus
|
-ēbitis
|
-ēbunt
|
perfect
|
-uī
|
-uistī
|
-uit
|
-uimus
|
-uistis
|
-uērunt, -uēre
|
pluperfect
|
-ueram
|
-uerās
|
-uerat
|
-uerāmus
|
-uerātis
|
-uerant
|
future perfect
|
-uerō
|
-ueris
|
-uerit
|
-uerimus
|
-ueritis
|
-uerint
|
sigmatic future1
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-ō, ēssō
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-is, ēssis
|
-it, ēssit
|
-imus, ēssimus
|
-itis, ēssitis
|
-int, ēssint
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passive
|
present
|
-eor
|
-ēris, -ēre
|
-ētur
|
-ēmur
|
-ēminī
|
-entur
|
imperfect
|
-ēbar
|
-ēbāris, -ēbāre
|
-ēbātur
|
-ēbāmur
|
-ēbāminī
|
-ēbantur
|
future
|
-ēbor
|
-ēberis, -ēbere
|
-ēbitur
|
-ēbimur
|
-ēbiminī
|
-ēbuntur
|
perfect
|
-itus + present active indicative of sum
|
pluperfect
|
-itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
|
future perfect
|
-itus + future active indicative of sum
|
sigmatic future1
|
-or, ēssor
|
-eris, ēsseris
|
-itur, ēssitur
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
subjunctive
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
-eam
|
-eās
|
-eat
|
-eāmus
|
-eātis
|
-eant
|
imperfect
|
-ērem
|
-ērēs
|
-ēret
|
-ērēmus
|
-ērētis
|
-ērent
|
perfect
|
-uerim
|
-uerīs
|
-uerit
|
-uerīmus
|
-uerītis
|
-uerint
|
pluperfect
|
-uissem
|
-uissēs
|
-uisset
|
-uissēmus
|
-uissētis
|
-uissent
|
sigmatic aorist1
|
-im, ēssim
|
-īs, ēssīs
|
-īt, ēssīt
|
-īmus, ēssīmus
|
-ītis, ēssītis
|
-int, ēssint
|
passive
|
present
|
-ear
|
-eāris, -eāre
|
-eātur
|
-eāmur
|
-eāminī
|
-eantur
|
imperfect
|
-ērer
|
-ērēris, -ērēre
|
-ērētur
|
-ērēmur
|
-ērēminī
|
-ērentur
|
perfect
|
-itus + present active subjunctive of sum
|
pluperfect
|
-itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
|
imperative
|
singular
|
plural
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
active
|
present
|
—
|
-ē
|
—
|
—
|
-ēte
|
—
|
future
|
—
|
-ētō
|
-ētō
|
—
|
-ētōte
|
-entō
|
passive
|
present
|
—
|
-ēre
|
—
|
—
|
-ēminī
|
—
|
future
|
—
|
-ētor
|
-ētor
|
—
|
—
|
-entor
|
non-finite forms
|
active
|
passive
|
present
|
perfect
|
future
|
present
|
perfect
|
future
|
infinitives
|
-ēre
|
-uisse
|
-itūrum esse
|
-ērī
|
-itum esse
|
-itum īrī
|
participles
|
-ēns
|
—
|
-itūrus
|
—
|
-itus
|
-endus
|
verbal nouns
|
gerund
|
supine
|
genitive
|
dative
|
accusative
|
ablative
|
accusative
|
ablative
|
-endī
|
-endō
|
-endum
|
-endō
|
-itum
|
-itū
|
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
Etymology 3
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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
-eō
- dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of -eus
References
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- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Etymology 1
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From Latin -eus.
-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -eos, feminine plural -eas)
- -eous; forms adjectives meaning resembling or having characteristics of the related term
Related terms
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Etymology 2
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-eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eos)
- forms nouns from verbs suffixed with -ear, means 'action and effect'
Derived terms
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Further reading
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