-iş
See also: Appendix:Variations of "is"
Azerbaijani edit
Etymology 1 edit
Cognate with Uyghur -ىش (-ish).
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / Ə / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal | -ış | -iş | -uş | -üş |
postvocalic | -yış | -yiş | -yuş | -yüş |
-iş
- Suffix creating nouns from verbs.[1]
- axtarmaq (“to search”) + -ış → axtarış (“search”)
- satmaq (“to sell”) + -ış → satış (“sale”)
- oyanmaq (“to awake”) + -ış → oyanış (“awakening”)
- girmək (“to enter”) + -iş → giriş (“entrance”)
- getmək (“to walk, to travel”) + -iş → gediş (“journey”)
- uçmaq (“to fly”) + -uş → uçuş (“flight”)
- udmaq (“to win”) + -uş → uduş (“win, gain”)
- gülmək (“to laugh”) + -üş → gülüş (“laughter”)
- görmək (“to see”) + -üş → görüş (“meeting, encounter”)
- söymək (“to curse, to scold”) + -üş → söyüş (“curse, foul language”)
- yaşamaq (“to live”) + -yış → yaşayış
- anlamaq (“to understand”) + -yış → anlayış
Usage notes edit
A notable irregularity is yürümək, taking -ş:
Declension edit
Declension of -iş
Possessive forms of -iş
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / Ə / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal | -ış | -iş | -uş | -üş |
postvocalic | -ş |
-iş
- Reciprocative suffix.[2]
Usage notes edit
Verbs with monosyllabic vowel-ending stems generally take a y before the suffixes -il, -in, or -iş:
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Şirəliyev, Məmmədağa, Sevortyan, Ervand (1971) “-iş”, in Grammatika azerbajdžanskovo jazyka. Fonetika, morfologija i sintaksis. [Grammar of Azerbaijani language. Phonetics, morphology, syntax.], Baku: Elm, page 54.
- ^ Şirəliyev, Məmmədağa, Sevortyan, Ervand (1971) “-iş”, in Grammatika azerbajdžanskovo jazyka. Fonetika, morfologija i sintaksis. [Grammar of Azerbaijani language. Phonetics, morphology, syntax.], Baku: Elm, page 96.
Crimean Tatar edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *-iĺč.
Suffix edit
-iş
Turkish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـش (-iş), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـش (iş), from Proto-Turkic *-iĺ.
Suffix edit
preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal | -ış | -iş | -uş | -üş |
postvocalic | -yış | -yiş | -yuş | -yüş |
-iş (noun-forming suffixes)
- Derives nouns from verbs.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـش (-iş), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş), from Proto-Turkic *-iĺč.
Suffix edit
preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal | -ış | -iş | -uş | -üş |
postvocalic | -ş |
-iş
- Derived reciprocal forms of verbs.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix edit
-iş
Usage notes edit
- Stritcly speaking, -iş doesn't adhere to a vowel harmony rule and the variant that will give the euphonious result is chosen almost arbitrarily. Tatlış and tatliş (from tatlı) coexist. For some given names there are multiple affectionate alternative forms ending in -oş, -iş, -üş, etc.