-lain
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *-lainen. Cognates include Finnish -lainen and Estonian -lane.
The sense "kind of" developed separately, ultimately from a combination of Old Swedish slagh + -in, probably via Finnish -lainen.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-lain (front vowel variant -läin)
- Used to form ethnonyms from plural ethnonyms and names of locations.
- Used to form nouns for people that are charactarised by the suffixed noun.
- Used to form adjectives indicating a smaller degree of a quality; kind of
Usage notes edit
- In its oblique forms, this suffix always carries secondary stress in polysyllabic words.
- When used in the sense "kind of", the suffix not always follows vowel harmony:
- Note that due to assimilation, the suffix may take the form -llain when following a word originally ending in -n:
- kaiken (“all”) (genitive) + -lain → kaikellain (“all kinds of”)
Declension edit
Declension of -lain (type 1/kärpäin, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | -lain | -laiset |
genitive | -laisen | -laisiin |
partitive | -laista, -laist | -laisia |
illative | -laisee | -laisii |
inessive | -laisees | -laisiis |
elative | -laisest | -laisist |
allative | -laiselle | -laisille |
adessive | -laiseel | -laisiil |
ablative | -laiselt | -laisilt |
translative | -laiseks | -laisiks |
essive | -laisenna, -laiseen | -laisinna, -laisiin |
exessive1) | -laisent | -laisint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Arvo Laanest (1966) “Ижорский Язык”, in Финно-Угорские и Самодийские языки (Языки народов СССР), volume 3, Moscow: Наука, page 107
Votic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *-lainen.
Suffix edit
-lain
- Forms nouns with the meaning of "inhabitant", or agent nouns that have the characteristic of the noun that it is derived from
Inflection edit
Declension of -lain (type XII/sinin, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | -lain | -laizõd |
genitive | -laizõ | -laizijõ, -laizi |
partitive | -laissõ | -laizitõ, -laizi |
illative | -laizõ, -laizõsõ | -laizisõ |
inessive | -laizõz | -laiziz |
elative | -laizõssõ | -laizissõ |
allative | -laizõlõ | -laizilõ |
adessive | -laizõllõ | -laizillõ |
ablative | -laizõltõ | -laiziltõ |
translative | -laizõssi | -laizissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |