-ot

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ot"

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin -ottus (“a kind of”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [ˈɔt]

Suffix

-ot m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ots)

1. forms augmentatives

   ‎peix (“fish”) + ‎-ot → ‎peixot (“large fish”)

   ‎peu (“foot”) + ‎-ot → ‎peuot

   ‎clatell (“nape”) + ‎-ot → ‎clatellot

2. forms a masculine noun from a feminine noun that is a particular type of the root

   ‎cuixa (“thigh”) + ‎-ot → ‎cuixot (“ham”)

   ‎illa (“island”) + ‎-ot → ‎illot (“islet”)

   ‎ungla (“fingernail”) + ‎-ot → ‎unglot (“cloven hoof”)

3. forms a masculine noun from a feminine noun

   ‎abella (“bee”) + ‎-ot → ‎abellot (“drone”)

   ‎merla (“blackbird”) + ‎-ot → ‎merlot (“male blackbird”)

Derived terms

Catalan terms suffixed with -ot

Further reading

• “-ot”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ ot]

Suffix

-ot m inan (noun-forming suffix)

1. forms masculine nouns, often referring to sounds

Derived terms

Czech terms suffixed with -ot

Further reading

• -ot in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

French

Etymology

Variant of -et, originally from Burgundy. See Burgundian -ôt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

• Audio

  (file)

Suffix

-ot

1. A diminutive indicator for certain words, functioning similarly to the more common -et. Used for some names:

   ‎petit + ‎-ot → ‎petiot

   ‎Pierre + ‎-ot → ‎Pierrot

   ‎Charles + ‎-ot → ‎Charlot

Derived terms

• -oter (“diminutive indicator for verbs”)

French terms suffixed with -ot

Hungarian

Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions)
ed	suffix	who?	what?	this	that	he/she (it)*
case							v. pr.	c.
nom.	–	ki	mi	ez	az	ő* / -∅ az / -∅	–	–
acc.	-t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt	kit	mit	ezt	azt	őt* / -∅ azt / -∅	–	c1 c2
dat.	-nak / -nek	kinek	minek	ennek	annak	neki	neki-	c
ins.	-val / -vel	kivel	mivel	ezzel/ evvel	azzal/ avval	vele		c
c-f.	-ért	kiért	miért	ezért	azért	érte	–	c
tra.	-vá / -vé	kivé	mivé	ezzé	azzá	–	–	c
ter.	-ig	–	meddig	eddig	addig	–	–	c
e-f.	-ként	(kiként)	(miként)	ekként	akként	–	–	c
e-m.	-ul / -ül	–	–	–	–	–	–	c
ine.	-ban / -ben	kiben	miben	ebben	abban	benne	–	c
sup.	-n/-on/-en/-ön	kin	min	ezen	azon	rajta	(rajta-)	c
ade.	-nál / -nél	kinél	minél	ennél	annál	nála	–	c
ill.	-ba / -be	kibe	mibe	ebbe	abba	bele	bele-	c
sub.	-ra / -re	kire	mire	erre	arra	rá	rá-	c
all.	-hoz/-hez/-höz	kihez	mihez	ehhez	ahhoz	hozzá	hozzá-	c
el.	-ból / -ből	kiből	miből	ebből	abból	belőle	–	c
del.	-ról / -ről	kiről	miről	erről	arról	róla	–	c
abl.	-tól / -től	kitől	mitől	ettől	attól	tőle	–	c
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All »

Etymology

From -o- (linking vowel) +‎ -t (accusative suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ot]

Suffix

-ot (accusative case suffix)

2. Back-vowel variant of -t. See details there.

   ablak (“window”) → Kinyitotta az ablakot. ― He/she opened the window.

   nagy (“big”) → nagyot sóhajt ― to have a deep sigh

   hat (“six”) → Hány könyvet vettél? - Hatot. ― How many books did you buy? - Six.

Usage notes

• (accusative case suffix): It can be added to nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns. Whether a suffix-initial vowel (linking vowel) will be used is hard to predict and thus needs to be learned with each word. A rule of thumb, however, is that older and shorter words tend to incorporate a vowel, rather than simply use -t. Variants:

  -t is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final -o in foreign words changes to -ó-.

  -ot is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -at is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -et is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -öt is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -∅ (zero form), optionally, after possessive suffixes, especially in the singular but sometimes also in the plural (and not infrequently after multiple-possession forms as well), except for the third-person singular (“his/her/its”, -ja/-je) as its omission would not reduce the number of syllables.

  Elviszem a kabátom(at/∅), kabátod(at/∅); kabátunk(at/∅), kabátotok(at/∅), kabátjuk(at/∅); kabátjaim(at/∅) etc.

  I’ll take my coat, your coat; our coat, [plural] your coat, their coat; my coats etc.

  It is also omitted usually from the accusative forms of first- and second-person singular personal pronouns (engem, téged (“me, you”)).

   Hungarian case suffixes

Case	Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú	Front vowel
		unrounded e, é, i, í	rounded ö, ő, ü, ű
nominative	—
accusative	-t
	-ot / -at	-et	-öt
dative	-nak	-nek
instrumental	-val	-vel
causal-final	-ért
translative	-vá	-vé
terminative	-ig
essive-formal	-ként
essive-modal	-ul	-ül
inessive	-ban	-ben
superessive	-n
	-on	-en	-ön
adessive	-nál	-nél
illative	-ba	-be
sublative	-ra	-re
allative	-hoz	-hez	-höz
elative	-ból	-ből
delative	-ról	-ről
ablative	-tól	-től
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként.     alma — almában, but almaként     zene ― zenében, but zeneként

See also

• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *-ujëtēk.

Suffix

-ot

1. Forms automative passive verbs, which imply the lack of a purposive agent.

Usage notes

• This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Inflection

Contracted o-stem, no gradation
infinitive	-ot
1st sing. present	-on
1st sing. past	-ojin
infinitive	-ot	action noun	-on
present participle	-ojeaddji	action inessive	-omin -ome
past participle	-on	action elative	-omis
agent participle	—	action comitative	-omiin
		abessive	-okeahttá
	present indicative	past indicative	imperative
1st singular	-on	-ojin	-ojēhkon
2nd singular	-ot	-ojit	-o
3rd singular	-o	-ui	-ojēhkos
1st dual	-ojetne	-uime	-ojeadnu -ojeahkku
2nd dual	-obeahtti	-uide	-ojeahkki
3rd dual	-oba	-uiga	-ojēhkoska
1st plural	-ot	-uimet	-ojētnot -ojēhkot -ojeahkkot -ojeadnot
2nd plural	-obēhtet	-uidet	-ojēhket
3rd plural	-ojit	-ojedje	-ojēhkoset
connegative	-o	-on	-o
	conditional 1	conditional 2	potential
1st singular	-ošin -ošedjen	-olin -oledjen	-ožan
2nd singular	-ošit -ošedjet	-olit -oledjet	-ožat
3rd singular	-ošii	-olii	-oža -oš
1st dual	-ošeimme	-oleimme	-ožetne
2nd dual	-ošeidde	-oleidde	-ožeahppi
3rd dual	-ošeigga	-oleigga	-ožeaba
1st plural	-ošeimmet	-oleimmet	-ožit -ožat
2nd plural	-ošeiddet	-oleiddet	-ožēhpet
3rd plural	-oše -ošedje	-ole -oledje	-ožit
connegative	-oše	-ole	-oš

Derived terms

Northern Sami terms suffixed with -ot

See also

• -ojuvˈvot

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *-utją.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ot/

Suffix

-ot

1. Alternative form of -et

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔt/
• Rhymes: -ɔt
• Syllabification: ot

Suffix

-ot m

1. forms masculine nouns, typically sounds

   ‎stukać + ‎-ot → ‎stukot

Conjugation

Declension of -ot

	singular	plural
nominative	-ot	-oty
genitive	-otu	-otów
dative	-otowi	-otom
accusative	-ot	-oty
instrumental	-otem	-otami
locative	-ocie	-otach
vocative	-ocie	-oty

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ot

See also

• -kać
• -otać

Further reading

• -ot in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Seneca

Suffix

-ot

1. root for standing

References

• Wallace Chafe (2014) A Grammar of the Seneca Language, University of California Press, page 87

Volapük

Suffix

-ot

1. Used to indicate a more concrete or more serious example.

Derived terms

Volapük terms suffixed with -ot