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For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list .American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
№ English Albanianshqip edit (207) 1 I (1sg )unë 2 you (2sg )ti ju respectful 3 he , she , it (3sg )ai 4 we (1pl )ne 5 you (2pl )ju 6 they (3pl )ata ato 7 this ky 8 that i cili ai 9 here këtu 10 there atje 11 who kush cili 12 what çfarë ç' 13 where ku 14 when kur 15 how si 16 not nuk s' 17 all gjithë tërë 18 many shumë 19 some disa ca 20 few pak 21 other tjetër 22 one një 23 two dy 24 three tre 25 four katër 26 five pesë 27 big madh 28 long gjatë 29 wide i gjerë 30 thick i trashë 31 heavy rëndë 32 small vogël 33 short i shkurtër 34 narrow i ngushtë 35 thin i hollë 36 woman grua 37 man (adult male)burrë 38 man (human being)njeri 39 child vogëlush çilimi kalaman fëmijë 40 wife nuse 41 husband burrë 42 mother nënë amë 43 father atë 44 animal shtazë 45 fish peshk 46 bird zog 47 dog qen 48 louse thëri 49 snake gjarpër 50 worm krimb 51 tree pemë dru 52 forest pyll 53 stick shkop 54 fruit frutë 55 seed farë bërthamë 56 leaf gjethe 57 root rrënjë 58 bark (of a tree)zgavër 59 flower lule 60 grass bar 61 rope litar 62 skin lëkurë 63 meat mish 64 blood gjak 65 bone eshtër ashtë Gheg 66 fat (noun)dhjamë maj 67 egg ve vezë 68 horn bri 69 tail bisht 70 feather pupël 71 hair flok qime lesh 72 head kokë krye kre krenë 73 ear vesh 74 eye sy 75 nose hundë 76 mouth gojë 77 tooth dhëmb 78 tongue (organ)gjuhë 79 fingernail thua 80 foot shputë 81 leg këmbë 82 knee gju 83 hand dorë 84 wing krah flatër 85 belly bark stomak 86 guts zorrë 87 neck qafë zverk 88 back kurriz shpinë 89 breast gji sisë 90 heart zemër 91 liver mëlçi 92 to drink pi 93 to eat ha 94 to bite kafshoj 95 to suck thith 96 to spit pështyj 97 to vomit vjell 98 to blow fryj 99 to breathe marr frymë 100 to laugh qesh 101 to see shoh 102 to hear dëgjoj 103 to know di 104 to think mendoj 105 to smell nuhas 106 to fear druaj 107 to sleep fle 108 to live jetoj 109 to die vdes 110 to kill vras 111 to fight luftoj përleshem 112 to hunt gjuaj 113 to hit godas 114 to cut pres 115 to split ndaj daj 116 to stab ther 117 to scratch kruaj 118 to dig gërmoj 119 to swim notoj 120 to fly fluturoj 121 to walk eci 122 to come vij 123 to lie (as in a bed) shtrihem 124 to sit ulem 125 to stand rri 126 to turn (intransitive) kthej 127 to fall bie 128 to give jap 129 to hold mbaj 130 to squeeze shtrydh 131 to rub ledhatoj 132 to wash laj 133 to wipe fshij 134 to pull tërheq 135 to push shtyj 136 to throw hedh 137 to tie lidh 138 to sew qep 139 to count numëroj njeh njef Gheg 140 to say them 141 to sing këndoj 142 to play luaj 143 to float pluskoj 144 to flow rrjedh 145 to freeze ngrij 146 to swell enjtem 147 sun diell 148 moon hënë 149 star yll 150 water ujë 151 rain shi 152 river lumë 153 lake liqen 154 sea det 155 salt kripë 156 stone gur 157 sand rërë 158 dust pluhur 159 earth dhe tokë 160 cloud re shtëllungë 161 fog mjegull 162 sky qiell 163 wind erë 164 snow borë dëborë 165 ice akull 166 smoke tym 167 fire zjarr 168 ash hi 169 to burn djeg 170 road udhë rrugë 171 mountain mal 172 red i kuq 173 green blerë blertë 174 yellow verdhë 175 white bardhë 176 black zi 177 night natë 178 day ditë 179 year vit mot 180 warm i ngrohtë 181 cold ftohtë 182 full i mbushur i plotë 183 new ri 184 old plak i moshuar 185 good mirë 186 bad keq 187 rotten kalbur 188 dirty i pistë 189 straight drejt ping 190 round rrumbullakët 191 sharp (as a knife)i mprehtë 192 dull (as a knife)i pamprehtë 193 smooth i lëmuar 194 wet i lagur 195 dry i thatë 196 correct i djathtë 197 near afër 198 far larg tutje 199 right djathtë 200 left majtë 201 at te tek 202 in në 203 with me 204 and dhe e 205 if nëse në qoftë se vallë 206 because sepse se 207 name emër emën Gheg
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