Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱḗr
(Redirected from Appendix:Proto-Indo-European/ḱḗr)
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European edit
Reconstruction edit
The nominative singular form is underlyingly */ḱérd/, yielding the surface form *ḱḗr which is itself evident in Ancient Greek κῆρ (kêr) and Hittite 𒆠𒅕 (ker). This reconstruction is the only instance in PIE where a loss of */d/ after */r/ with compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel occurred. It is not clear whether this is an isolated example, or a part of a broader process such as Szemerényi's law.
Noun edit
The template Template:ine-noun does not use the parameter(s):2=*ḱr̥d-Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
*ḱḗr n
Inflection edit
| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *ḱḗr | ||
| genitive | *ḱr̥dés | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *ḱḗr | *ḱérdih₁ | *ḱérdh₂ |
| vocative | *ḱḗr | *ḱérdih₁ | *ḱérdh₂ |
| accusative | *ḱḗr | *ḱérdih₁ | *ḱérdh₂ |
| genitive | *ḱr̥dés | *? | *ḱr̥dóHom |
| ablative | *ḱr̥dés | *? | *ḱr̥dmós |
| dative | *ḱr̥déy | *? | *ḱr̥dmós |
| locative | *ḱḗr, *ḱérdi | *? | *ḱr̥dsú |
| instrumental | *ḱr̥déh₁ | *? | *ḱr̥dmís |
Derived terms edit
- *ḱréddʰh₁eti (“to place one's heart”)
Descendants edit
- Proto-Albanian:
- Proto-Anatolian:
- Proto-Armenian: *ḱḗrdi-
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *śḗr (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *kridyom (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *hertô (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *kərdíyā, *kḗr?
- Proto-Italic: *kord (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰŕ̥dayam (unexplained voiced aspiration) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Tocharian: *käryā-