Appendix:Proto-Indo-European/dʰwer-

This entry contains Proto-Indo-European reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*dʰwer-

1. door

Descendants

• Anatolian:
  • Hittite: an-durza "within"
• Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: θύρα (thura)
    • Greek: θύρα (thýra)
• Italic:
  • Latin: foris
• Indo-Iranian:
  • Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: द्वार् (dvā́r)
  • Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎯𐎺𐎼𐎹𐎠 (duvar-)
      • Middle Persian: 𐭡𐭡𐭠 (dar)
        • Persian: در (dar)
    • Kurdish: derî
    • Ossetian: дуар (duar)
  • Nuristani:
    • Kamviri: du
• Slavic: *dvьri (click for further descendants)

From O-grade: (*dʰwor-)

• Albanian: derë (< *dʰwōreh₂)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: դուռն (duṙn) (< *dhuor-m̥ (acc.))
    • Armenian: դուռ (duṙ)
• Baltic:
  • Lithuanian: dvãras
• Celtic: *dworestu-
  • Old Irish: dorus
    • Irish: doras
    • Manx: dorrys
    • Scottish Gaelic: doras, dorus
  • Welsh: drws
• Italic:
  • Latin: forum (< *dʰworom (acc.)), foras, foris
  • Umbrian: furo
• Indo-Iranian:
  • Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: द्वार (dvā́ra) (< *dʰworom)
      • Gujarati: દ્વાર (dvār)
      • Hindi: द्वार (dvār)
      • Marathi: दार (dār)
      • Romani: vudar
      • Thai: ทวาร (tha wān)
      • Urdu: دوار (dvār)
  • Iranian:
    • Avestan: dvarǝm
• Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: дворъ (dvorŭ)
• Tocharian:
  • Tocharian B: twere

From zero-grade: *dʰur-

• Baltic:
  • Latvian: duris
  • Lithuanian: dùrys
  • Old Prussian: dwaris
• Germanic: *durz (click for further descendants), *durą