Appendix:Proto-Slavic/ęzykъ

This entry contains Proto-Slavic reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s through a root *inźuH + -kŭ. Compare Lithuanian liežùvis, Old Prussian insuwis, Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā).

Noun

*ęzykъ m

1. tongue
2. language

Declension

Declension of *ęzykъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ęzykъ	*ęzyka	*ęzyci
Accusative	*ęzykъ	*ęzyka	*ęzyky
Genitive	*ęzyka	*ęzyku	*ęzykъ
Locative	*ęzycě	*ęzyku	*ęzycěxъ
Dative	*ęzyku	*ęzykoma	*ęzykomъ
Instrumental	*ęzykomь	*ęzykoma	*ęzyky
Vocative	*ęzyče	*ęzyka	*ęzyci

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: язык (jazýk) (“tongue (only)”)
  • Russian: язык (jazýk)
  • Ukrainian: язик (jazýk) (“tongue (only)”)
  • Rusyn: язык (jazýk)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: ѩзꙑкъ (językŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⰧⰈⰟⰉⰍⰟ

  • Bulgarian: език (ezík)
  • Macedonian: јазик (jázik)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: јѐзик

    Latin: jèzik

  • Slovene: jezik
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: język
  • Kashubian: jãzëk
  • Czech: jazyk
  • Slovak: jazyk
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: jězyk
    • Upper Sorbian: jazyk