Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žętva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *žęti (“to reap, mow”) +‎ *-tva. Compare Sanskrit हन्त्व (hántva, “to be killed or slain”).

Noun

*žę̀tva f

1. harvest

Inflection

Declension of *žę̀tva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žę̀tva	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvy
genitive	*žę̀tvy	*žę̀tvu	*žę̀tvъ
dative	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvama	*žę̀tvamъ
accusative	*žę̀tvǫ	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvy
instrumental	*žę̀tvojǫ, *žę̀tvǭ**	*žę̀tvama	*žę̀tvamī
locative	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvu	*žę̀tvasъ, *žę̀tvaxъ*
vocative	*žę̀tvo	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: жѧтва (žętva)
    • Russian: жатва (žatva)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: жѧтва (žętva)

    Glagolitic script: ⰶⱔⱅⰲⰰ (žętva)

  • Bulgarian: жъ́тва (žǎ́tva), же́нтва (žéntva) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: жетва (žetva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: же̏тва

    Latin script: žȅtva

  • Slovene: žêtva
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: žatva (literary)
  • Slovak: žatva
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: žetwa

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 561
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жатва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress