Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dorga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

O-grade of Proto-Indo-European *derHgʰ- (“to pull, to drag”). By surface analysis, *dorъ (“tearing”) +‎ *-ga.

Noun

*dòrga f

1. path, road
2. way

Declension

Declension of *dòrga (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dòrga	*dòrdzě	*dòrgy
genitive	*dòrgy	*dòrgu	*dòrgъ
dative	*dòrdzě	*dòrgama	*dòrgamъ
accusative	*dòrgǫ	*dòrdzě	*dòrgy
instrumental	*dòrgojǫ, *dòrgǭ**	*dòrgama	*dòrgamī
locative	*dòrdzě	*dòrgu	*dòrgasъ, *dòrgaxъ*
vocative	*dòrgo	*dòrdzě	*dòrgy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *dьrgati, *dьrgnǫti (“to comb, to pluck, to tug”)
• *dorža (“streambed”) (regional)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: даро́га (daróha)
  • Russian: доро́га (doróga)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: дорога (doroha), драга (draha) (dialectal)
  • Ukrainian: доро́га (doróha)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: дра́га (drága, “precipice, steep”)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: дра̏га

    Latin script: drȁga

  • Slovene: drága
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: dráha
    • Czech: dráha
  • Old Polish: droga, dróga
    • Masurian: drogä
    • Polish: droga
    • Silesian: (through dróga) drōga
  • Slovak: dráha
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: droga, darga
    • Slovincian: drôga
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dróha
    • Lower Sorbian: droga

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “доро́га”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dorga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 74
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “драга”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 418