Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/listъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Cognate with Lithuanian laĩškas, láiškas (“letter”), Latvian laiska (“leaf of a flax stalk”), laiksne (“white water-lily”), and Old Prussian lāiskas (“book”). Baltic forms require pre-form of Proto-Balto-Slavic *laiskas, while Slavic forms require *leistas. Ultimately possibly from Proto-Indo-European *leyd- (“to let”).

Noun

*lȋstъ m

1. leaf

Inflection

Declension of *lȋstъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lȋstъ	*lȋsta	*lȋsti
genitive	*lȋsta	*listù	*lĩstъ
dative	*lȋstu	*listomà	*listòmъ
accusative	*lȋstъ	*lȋsta	*lȋsty
instrumental	*lȋstъmь, *lȋstomь*	*listomà	*listý
locative	*lȋstě	*listù	*listě̃xъ
vocative	*liste	*lȋsta	*lȋsti

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• (Collective) *listarь, *listьje, *listva, *listvьje, *listovьje
• (Diminutive) *listъkъ, *listьcь
• (Having leaves) *listatъ, *listovatъ, *listvьnъ
• *listiti (“to leaf”)
• *listьnъ (“leaf”, adjective)
  • *listьnica
  • *listьnikъ
• *listognojь
• *listogryzъ
• *listojědъ
• *listopadъ
• *listopǫkъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: листъ (listŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: листъ (list)
      • Belarusian: ліст (list)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: лист (lyst)
      • Ukrainian: лист (lyst)
    • Russian: лист (list)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: листъ (listŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰾⰹⱄⱅⱏ (listŭ)

  • Bulgarian: лист (list)
  • Macedonian: лист (list)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ли̑ст

    Latin script: lȋst

  • Slovene: lȋst (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: list
  • Old Polish: list
    • Masurian: list
    • Polish: list
    • Silesian: list
  • Old Slovak: list
    • Slovak: list
  • Polabian: laist
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: lëst
    • Slovincian: lëst
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: list
    • Lower Sorbian: list

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лист”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*listъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 147
• Gluhak, Alemko (1993) “Proto-Slavic/listъ”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik [Croatian Etymology Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN, page 378
• “laiškas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012