Appendix:Penutian Swadesh lists

This is a Swadesh list of Penutian languages, specifically Yakima, Nez Perce, Klamath-Modoc, Chinook, Northeast Maidu and Wintu, compared with that of English.

This list includes:

• Yakama
• Nez Percé
• Klamath

Note: Additional vocabulary words have been added after word No. 207 ("name"), since the original lengths of Swadesh lists are either 100 or 207 words.

List

№	English	Yakama	Nez Percé	Klamath	Chinook	Maidu	Wintu	Miwok languages (various)	Ohlone
1	I	ínk	ʔíin	ni
2	you (singular)	ímk	ʔíim	ʔi (mi 'your')
3	he	pínk	ʔipí	bi
4	we	namák	núun	naat
5	you (plural)	imamanák	ʔimé	ʔaat
6	they	pmák	ʔimé	baat
7	this	íči	kíi	gee
8	that	íkʼʷak	yóx̣	hoot (nee [absent])
9	here	íčnak	kíne	gida
10	there		koná
11	who		ʔisíi
12	what		ʔitúu
13	where		míne
14	when		máwa
15	how		manmaʔí
16	not		míʔs, wéet'u, ʔisúʔ
17	all		ʔúy
18	many		ʔiléx̣ni
19	some		kamác
20	few		míil'ac
21	other		néx̣sep
22	one	náx.s	náaqc	na:s	e:xt	suti	k'et	keñe	hemetca
23	two	nápt	lepít	la:p	môkct	pene	lel	otiko	utxin
24	three	mítaat	mitáat	ndan	Lo:n	sapu	panuly	Tolokot	kapxan
25	four	pínapt	píilept	woni:p	la'kit	tsöye	ly'aw	oyisa	ut.it
26	five	páx.at	páax̣at	ton'ip	qui'nEm	ma-wika	c'an	mahoka	parwe
27	big		himéeq'is
28	long		kuhét
29	wide		himéeq'is
30	thick
31	heavy		wiʔxwíʔx
32	small		kúckuc
33	short		kahát'o
34	narrow		yoktyókt
35	thin		hawáq'is
36	woman	áyat	ʔáayat	sneʔweets	ɬaʔakil	kyle	pʔōqta	assa; oha	mukurma
37	man (adult male)		háama
38	man (human being)		titóoqan
39	child (a youth)		miyáʔc
40	wife		ʔiwéepne
41	husband		háama
42	mother		píke, ʔíis
43	father		píst, tóot
44	animal		waq'íiswitin
45	fish		cúuy'em
46	bird		payóopayoo
47	dog		ciq'áamqal
48	louse		píle (head), pipéex̣ (body)
49	snake		páyos
50	worm		séhey
51	tree	pe-tein	tewlíikt
52	forest		léeqew
53	stick (of wood)		héecu
54	fruit		timaaníitwit
55	seed		lálx, tim'íne
56	leaf		písqu
57	root		qíʔnit (edible), ʔéx̣s (inedible)
58	bark (of tree)		péeqt
59	flower		láatit
60	grass		c'íxc'ix, péqs
61	rope		téewtes
62	skin (of a person)
63	meat (as in flesh)		núkt
64	blood		kikéʔt
65	bone		píips
66	fat (noun)		wéeʔikt
67	egg		táam'am
68	horn		téewis
69	tail		tuʔúynu
70	feather (rather not down)		wéeptes
71	hair		húukux (head), sétey (body)
72	head		húusus
73	ear		mac'áyo
74	eye		sílu
75	nose		núusnu
76	mouth		hím'
77	tooth (rather not molar)		tít
78	tongue		péews
79	fingernail		ʔéese
80	foot		ʔéx̣we
81	leg		wéeyux
82	knee		ʔíimn
83	hand		ʔípsus
84	wing		helqélx̣
85	belly		ʔilúut
86	guts		máymay, pilpil'úus
87	neck		yéhet
88	back		héelex
89	breast		híni
90	heart		tim'íne
91	liver		sít'ex̣s
92	to drink		kúu-
93	to eat		hipí-
94	to bite		keʔnpí-
95	to suck		qúʔ-
96	to spit		tulc'ée-, tulkeʔéyk-
97	to vomit		wéew'uuq-
98	to blow (as wind)		háatya-
99	to breathe		hées-
100	to laugh		tíy'e-
101	to see		hekí-
102	to hear		mic'íi-
103	to know (a fact)		cúukwe-
104	to think		nekí-, timmíyu-
105	to smell (sense odor)		núuxsi-
106	to fear		cikáaw-
107	to sleep		piním- (sg.), táwta- (pl.)
108	to live		waq'iswíi-
109	to die		tin'ukí-
110	to kill		wáapciy'aw-
111	to fight
112	to hunt (transitive)
113	to hit
114	to cut
115	to split
116	to stab (or stick)
117	to scratch (an itch)
118	to dig
119	to swim
120	to fly
121	to walk
122	to come
123	to lie (as on one's side)
124	to sit
125	to stand
126	to turn (change direction)
127	to fall (as in drop)
128	to give
129	to hold (in one's hand)
130	to squeeze
131	to rub
132	to wash
133	to wipe
134	to pull
135	to push
136	to throw
137	to tie
138	to sew
139	to count
140	to say
141	to sing
142	to play
143	to float
144	to flow
145	to freeze
146	to swell
147	sun
148	moon
149	star
150	water
151	rain
152	river
153	lake
154	sea (as in ocean)
155	salt
156	stone
157	sand
158	dust
159	earth (as in soil)
160	cloud
161	fog
162	sky
163	wind (as in breeze)
164	snow
165	ice
166	smoke
167	fire
168	ash
169	to burn (intransitive)
170	road
171	mountain
172	red
173	green
174	yellow
175	white
176	black
177	night
178	day (daytime)
179	year
180	warm (as in weather)
181	cold (as in weather)
182	full
183	new
184	old
185	good
186	bad
187	rotten (as, a log)
188	dirty
189	straight
190	round
191	sharp (as a knife)
192	dull (as a knife)
193	smooth
194	wet
195	dry (adjective)
196	right (correct)
197	near
198	far
199	right (side)
200	left (side)
201	at
202	in
203	with (accompanying)
204	and
205	if
206	because
207	name
208	house
209	wall
210	deer
211	mouse
212	rabbit
213	eagle
214	spider
215	face
216	body
217	navel
218	finger
219	sick (painful)
220	needle
221	clothing
222	thunder
223	lightning
224	above
225	below
226	to cough
227	to buy
228	to choose
229	to grow
230	to open
231	to steal
232	to dream
233	to cry
234	to yawn
235	to cook
236	six	uyláxs	?oylá.qc	nacksept	tE'xEm	sai-tsoko	ser-panuly	Temoka	nakitci
237	seven	uynápt	?uyné.pt	lapksept	si'namôkct	topwi	lolo:qi	titawa	t.akitci
238	eight	uymátat	?oymátat	ndanksept	kstô'xkin	pen-tcöi	ser-ly'awi	kawinta	taitimin
239	nine	k'úyc	k'úyc	nacq'e:ks	kui'tst	peliem	k'ete:m	eliwa	paki
240	ten	pútimt	pú.tim	tewn'ip	ta:'-Le:lam	ma-tsoko	tiqeles	naatca	tansakte

External links

Swadesh lists
Individual languages
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Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Afroasiatic Algonquian and Iroquoian Arabic Austroasiatic Austronesian (Oceanic) Baltic Bantu Berber Celtic Chumashan and Hokan Dené–Yeniseian Dravidian Formosan Frisian Germanic Hmong-Mien Indo-Aryan Middle Early New Indo-Iranian Italian Japonic Kra–Dai Mayan Muskogean Niger–Congo Northeast Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Oto-Manguean Paleosiberian Pama-Nyungan Penutian Romance Sino-Tibetan Sinitic Raji-Raute Tibeto-Burman Tibeto-Burman (Nepal) Kho-Bwa Kuki-Chin Slavic Siouan and Pawnee South American Tungusic Tupian Turkic Uralic Finnic Uto-Aztecan
Constructed languages
Esperanto Ido Interlingua Interlingue Klingon Láadan Lingua Franca Nova Lingwa de Planeta (Lidepla) Lojban Novial Toki Pona Volapük
Reconstructed proto-languages
Proto-Austronesian Proto-Balto-Slavic Proto-Bantu Proto-Basque Proto-Celtic Proto-Germanic Proto-Hellenic Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-Iranian Proto-Italic Proto-Japanese Proto-Mayan Proto-Slavic Proto-Turkic Proto-West Germanic
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